Modeling Health Behavior Change: How to Predict and Modify the Adoption and Maintenance of Health Behaviors

Applied Psychology - Tập 57 Số 1 - Trang 1-29 - 2008
Ralf Schwarzer1
1Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany

Tóm tắt

Health‐compromising behaviors such as physical inactivity and poor dietary habits are difficult to change. Most social‐cognitive theories assume that an individual's intention to change is the best direct predictor of actual change. But people often do not behave in accordance with their intentions. This discrepancy between intention and behavior is due to several reasons. For example, unforeseen barriers could emerge, or people might give in to temptations. Therefore, intention needs to be supplemented by other, more proximal factors that might compromise or facilitate the translation of intentions into action. Some of these postintentional factors have been identified, such as perceived self‐efficacy and strategic planning. They help to bridge the intention–behavior gap. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) suggests a distinction between (a) preintentional motivation processes that lead to a behavioral intention, and (b) postintentional volition processes that lead to the actual health behavior. In this article, seven studies are reported that examine the role of volitional mediators in the initiation and adherence to five health behaviors: physical exercise, breast self‐examination, seat belt use, dietary behaviors, and dental flossing. The general aim is to examine the applicability of the HAPA and its universality by replicating it across different health behaviors, based on various measures, time spans, and samples from different countries.Les comportements nuisibles à la santé tels que le manque d’exercice physique et les mauvaises habitudes alimentaires sont difficiles à modifier. La plupart des théories socio‐cognitives admettent que le meilleur prédicteur d’un réel changement est l’intention que la personne a de changer. Mais la conduite est souvent en contradiction avec les intentions. La divergence entre intention et comportement est due à plusieurs raisons. Par exemple, des obstacles imprévus peuvent apparaître, ou encore les intéressés peuvent succomber à la tentation. L’intention doit donc être associée à d’autres facteurs plus immédiats susceptibles de compromettre ou de faciliter le passage de l’intention à l’action. Certains de ces facteurs ont été identifiés, à savoir la planification stratégique et la perception de l’efficacité personnelle. Ils aident à combler le fossé entre l’intention et le comportement. L’Approche des Processus d’Action en faveur de la Santé (HAPA) établit une distinction entre les processus motivationnels préalables à l’intention qui conduisent à une intention comportementale et les processus volontaires secondaires à l’intention qui débouchent sur un comportement effectivement favorable à la santé. On expose dans cet article sept recherches qui examinent le rôle médiateur de la volition dans l’adoption de et la persévérance dans cinq comportements utiles à la santé: l’exercice physique, l’inspection personnelle de ses seins, l’usage de la ceinture de sécurité, un bon régime alimentaire et l’utilisation du fil dentaire. Il s’agit de mettre à l’épreuve le caractère opérationnel de l’HAPA et son universalité en l’appliquant à différents comportements liés à la santéà partir de mesures et de périodes diversifiées sur des échantillons provenant de différents pays.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abraham C., 2000, Understanding and changing health behavior: From health beliefs to self‐regulation, 343

Abraham C., 2000, Understanding and changing health behavior, 3

10.1348/135910702169385

10.1080/08870440008400299

10.1348/014466601164939

10.1080/0887044031000066553

10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.8

Bandura A., 2000, The Blackwell handbook of principles of organizational behavior, 120

Baumeister R.F., 2004, Handbook of self‐regulation: Research, theory, and applications

10.1017/CBO9781139174794

10.1111/j.1464-0597.2006.00261.x

Conner M., 2005, Predicting health behavior: Research and practice with social cognition models

Conner M., 2005, Predicting health behavior: Research and practice with social cognition models, 170

Courneya K.S., 2000, Understanding and changing health behavior: From health beliefs to self‐regulation, 189

10.1016/0306-4603(82)90038-7

Fishbein M., 1975, Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research

10.1037/0003-066X.54.7.493

10.1016/S0065-2601(06)38002-1

10.1037/0278-6133.18.4.369

10.1037/0278-6133.18.5.543

10.1146/annurev.ps.44.020193.000323

10.1037/0022-3514.89.3.426

10.1080/08870449908407339

Kuhl J., 2001, Motivation und Persönlichkeit. Interaktionen psychischer Systeme

10.1111/j.1464-0597.2005.00209.x

Leventhal H., 2001, Handbook of the psychology of aging, 186

10.1037/h0022089

10.1080/10705510701575586

10.5993/AJHB.30.3.7

10.1080/15438620490497567

10.1016/j.psychsport.2004.11.002

Locke E.A., 1990, A theory of goal setting and task performance

10.1207/s15327558ijbm1102_5

10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.06.043

10.1016/j.paid.2003.09.026

10.1016/j.psychsport.2006.03.010

10.1080/0887044021000019358

Luszczynska A., 2005, Predicting health behavior, 127

10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.507

10.1037/0090-5550.51.4.314

10.1093/her/cyl133

10.1111/j.1464-0597.2005.00210.x

Marlatt G.A., 2002, Harm reduction: Pragmatic strategies for managing high‐risk behaviors

10.1017/CBO9780511527692.012

10.1123/jsep.27.4.488

10.1037/0022-006X.51.3.390

10.1037/0003-066X.47.9.1102

10.1037/0278-6133.13.1.39

10.1037/0278-6133.19.2.165

10.1080/09658210244000531

10.1177/0146167203261296

Renner B. Kwon S. Yang B.‐H. Paik K.‐C. Kim S.H. Roh S. Song J. &Schwarzer R.(in press).Social‐cognitive predictors of dietary behaviors in South Korean men and women.International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.

Renner B., 2005, The motivation to eat a healthy diet: How intenders and nonintenders differ in terms of risk perception, outcome expectancies, self‐efficacy, and nutrition behavior, Polish Psychological Bulletin, 36, 7

10.1080/0887044022000004902

10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb01411.x

10.1177/0898264307305207

10.1123/jsep.27.2.135

Schüz B. Sniehotta F.F. Mallach N. Wiedemann A. &Schwarzer R.(in press).Prediction of stage transitions in dental hygiene: Non‐intenders intenders and actors.Health Education Research.

10.1093/her/cyl084

10.1111/j.1600-051X.2006.00967.x

Schwarzer R., 1992, Self‐efficacy: Thought control of action, 217

10.1037/0278-6133.19.5.487

10.1007/BF02879897

10.1002/0470013478.ch1

Sheeran P., 2005, Predicting health behavior: Research and practice with social cognition models, 276

10.1348/135910705X26137

10.1348/014466605X62460

10.1080/08870440512331317670

10.1348/135910705X43804

Sutton S., 1994, Social psychology and health: European perspectives, 71

10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01679.x

10.1080/08870440008400298

Sutton S., 2005, Predicting health behavior: Research and practice with social cognition models

10.1037/0022-3514.48.5.1279

Velicer W.F. Friedman R.H. Fava J.L. Gulliver S.B. Keller S. Sun X. Ramelson H. &Prochaska J.O.(in press).Evaluating NRT and stage‐based therapies in a population‐based effectiveness trial.Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.

10.1080/09595230500459511

Velicer W.F. Redding C.A. Anatchkova M.D. Fava J.L. &Prochaska J.O.(in press).Identifying cluster subtypes for the prevention of adolescent smoking acquisition.Addictive Behaviors.

10.1037/0278-6133.26.3.278

10.1037/0278-6133.12.4.324

10.1002/9780470753552.ch2

10.1207/s15324796abm3301_1

10.1037/0278-6133.17.5.445

10.1037/0278-6133.17.3.290

10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01139.x

10.1007/BF02999225

10.1080/1476832050018891

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Applied Psychology

Tập 57 Số 1

1-29

Thông tin tác giả