Mixed Methods Research: A Research Paradigm Whose Time Has Come
Tóm tắt
The purposes of this article are to position mixed methods research ( mixed research is a synonym) as the natural complement to traditional qualitative and quantitative research, to present pragmatism as offering an attractive philosophical partner for mixed methods research, and to provide a framework for designing and conducting mixed methods research. In doing this, we briefly review the paradigm “wars” and incompatibility thesis, we show some commonalities between quantitative and qualitative research, we explain the tenets of pragmatism, we explain the fundamental principle of mixed research and how to apply it, we provide specific sets of designs for the two major types of mixed methods research ( mixed-model designs and mixed-method designs), and, finally, we explain mixed methods research as following (recursively) an eight-step process. A key feature of mixed methods research is its methodological pluralism or eclecticism, which frequently results in superior research (compared to monomethod research). Mixed methods research will be successful as more investigators study and help advance its concepts and as they regularly practice it.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Ayer AJ, 1959, Logical positivism
Biesta GJJ, 2003, Pragmatism and educational research
Brewer J, 1989, Multimethod research: A synthesis of styles
Campbell DT, 1963, Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for research
Creswell JW, 1994, Research design: Qualitative and quantitative approaches
Creswell JW, 2003, Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed approaches
Creswell JW, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 209
de Waal C, 2001, On Peirce
Guba EG, 1990, The paradigm dialog, 17
Guba EG, 1989, Fourth generation evaluation
James W, 1907, Pragmatism
Johnson RB, 2004, Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches
Johnson RB, 2004, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association
Johnson RB, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 297
Kuhn TS, 1962, The structure of scientific revolutions
Lincoln YS, 2000, Handbook of qualitative research, 163
Maxcy SJ, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 51
Maxwell JA, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 241
Maxwell SE, 2004, Designing experiments and analyzing data
Menand L, 1997, Pragmatism: A reader
Mertens DM, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 135
Murphy JP, 1990, Pragmatism: From Peirce to Davidson
Nagel T, 1986, The view from nowhere
Newman I, 1998, Qualitative-quantitative research methodology: Exploring the interactive continuum
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2000, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for the Advancement of Educational Research (AAER)
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2002, Education, 122, 518
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2003, Research in the Schools, 10, 71
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2004, Library anxiety: Theory, research, and applications
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2004, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association
OnwuegbuzieAJLeechNLOn becoming a pragmatic researcher: The importance of combining quantitative and qualitative research methodologies2004aManuscript submitted for publication
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2004, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Eastern Educational Research Association
Onwuegbuzie AJ, Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology
Onwuegbuzie AJ, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research, 351
Patton MQ, 1990, Qualitative evaluation and research methods, 2
Peirce CS, 1878, Popular Science Monthly, 12, 286
Phillips DC, 2004, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Educational Research Association
Phillips DC, 2000, Postpositivism and educational research
Popper KR, 1959, The logic of scientific discovery
Reichardt CS, 1979, Qualitative and quantitative methods in evaluation research, 7
Rescher N, 2000, Realistic pragmatism: An introduction to pragmatic philosophy
Schwandt TA, 2000, Handbook of qualitative research, 189
Shadish WR, 2002, Experimental and quasi-experimental designs for generalized causal inference
Tashakkori A, 1998, Mixed methodology: Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches
Tashakkori A, 2003, Handbook of mixed methods in social and behavioral research
Yin RK, 1984, Case study research: Design and methods
YuCHMisconceived relationships between logical positivism and quantitative research2003Research Methods Forum [On-line]. Retrieved September 2, 2004 fromhttp://www.aom.pace.edu/rmd/2002forum.html.