Sinh Viên Dân Tộc Thiểu Số và Sự Tham Gia Khoa Học: Một Bản Đồ Định Tính về Thành Tựu, Khát Vọng, Sở Thích và Vốn Khoa Học

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 46 - Trang 113-127 - 2015
Billy Wong1
1School of Education, University of Roehampton, London, UK

Tóm tắt

Tại Vương quốc Anh, ẩn dụ ‘đường ống rỉ nước’ đã được sử dụng để mô tả mối quan hệ giữa sắc tộc và sự tham gia vào khoa học. Ít sinh viên từ các dân tộc thiểu số tiếp tục theo học khoa học trong giáo dục sau bắt buộc, và rất ít thông tin được biết về những cách thức mà họ tham gia và xác định bản thân với khoa học, đặc biệt là trong bối cảnh trường trung học. Dựa trên một nghiên cứu khám phá với 46 cuộc phỏng vấn và 22 giờ quan sát lớp học với các sinh viên Anh (từ 11-14 tuổi) có nguồn gốc dân tộc Đen Caribbean, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Ấn Độ và Trung Quốc, bài báo này đã xác định năm ‘loại’ sự tham gia vào khoa học trong số sinh viên dân tộc thiểu số. Năm loại sự tham gia vào khoa học này xuất hiện từ một phân tích về thành tựu khoa học, khát vọng khoa học, sở thích khoa học và vốn khoa học của sinh viên. Các đặc điểm của năm loại là như sau: Sinh viên không thích khoa học không có khát vọng hướng tới khoa học và thiếu sự quan tâm, thành tựu và vốn trong lĩnh vực khoa học. Sinh viên tích cực với khoa học có khát vọng, sở thích và vốn khoa học cao nhưng thành tích khoa học thấp. Sinh viên trung bình trong khoa học có một số khát vọng, sở thích và vốn trong khoa học, với điểm số khoa học trung bình. Sinh viên ngoại lệ trong khoa học đạt thành tích cao trong khoa học, có một số vốn khoa học nhưng thiếu khát vọng và/hoặc sở thích về khoa học. Sinh viên nổi bật trong khoa học là những người có thành tích cao trong khoa học với khát vọng khoa học, mức độ quan tâm và vốn khoa học cao. Các phát hiện nổi bật rằng sinh viên dân tộc thiểu số tham gia vào khoa học theo nhiều cách khác nhau. Các hệ quả chính sách được đề xuất cho mỗi loại, vì bài báo này cung cấp bằng chứng thực nghiệm để phản bác lại các diễn ngôn công chúng (và thậm chí một số diễn ngôn học thuật) về sinh viên dân tộc thiểu số như một nhóm đồng nhất.

Từ khóa

#sinh viên dân tộc thiểu số #sự tham gia khoa học #thành tựu giáo dục #khát vọng khoa học #sở thích khoa học #vốn khoa học

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