Microbial detoxification of mycotoxin deoxynivalenol

Journal of Basic Microbiology - Tập 44 Số 2 - Trang 147-156 - 2004
Andrea Völkl1, Bernhard Vogler2, Margit Schollenberger3, Petr Karlovský4,5
1Max-Planck-Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Spemannstr. 35, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
2Chemistry Department, University of Alabama at Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, U.S.A.
3Institute of Animal Nutrition, Hohenheim University, Emil-Wolff-Str. 10, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
4Institute of Plant Pathology, University of Göttingen, Grisebachstrasse 6, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
5web: www.gwdg.de/∼instphyt/karlovsky

Tóm tắt

AbstractDeoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene secondary metabolite produced by Fusarium species infecting cereal crops. As a mycotoxin, DON causes losses in livestock production and poses a health risk to humans consuming contaminated cereal products. DON also acts as a virulence factor, facilitating the colonization of host plants by Fusarium spp. Enzymatic detoxification of mycotoxins in feed additives and genetically modified crops is a promising approach for the reduction of mycotoxin contamination of feeds and food. A prerequisite for the developoment of biotechnological strategies for DON detoxification is the availability of genes encoding suitable enzymatic activities. With the goal of isolating microbial cultures that can be used as a source of such activies, we screened 1285 microbial cultures from farmland soil, cereal grains, insects and other sources for DON transformation under aerobic conditions. One mixed culture transformed DON into two chromatographically separable products. The main product of the transformation was purified and its structure was elucidated by mass spectroscopy, 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR and proton‐proton and carbon‐proton correlated NMR spectroscopy. The structure of this product was determined to be 3‐keto‐4‐deoxynivalenol. The DON‐transforming mixed culture survived and retained its transforming activity during a starvation period of six months at 20 °C. Transformation of DON was suppressed by low concentrations of glucose and high concentrations of tryptone and yeast extract. Cell‐free supernatants obtained either by filtration through a 0.22 μm membrane filter or by centrifugation did not exert DON‐transforming activity. Trichothecenes 15‐acetyl‐DON, 3‐acetyl‐DON and fusarenon‐X were also transformed. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Journal of Basic Microbiology

Tập 44 Số 2

147-156

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