Metagenomic dissection of the canine gut microbiota: insights into taxonomic, metabolic and nutritional features

Wiley - Tập 21 Số 4 - Trang 1331-1343 - 2019
Giulia Alessandri1, Christian Milani2, Leonardo Mancabelli2, Marta Mangifesta2, Gabriele Andrea Lugli2, Alice Viappiani3, Sabrina Duranti2, Francesca Turroni2,4, Maria Cristina Ossiprandi1,4, Douwe van Sinderen5, Marco Ventura2,4
1Department of Veterinary Medical Science, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
2Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
3GenProbio srl, Parma, Italy
4Microbiome Research Hub, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
5APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland

Tóm tắt

SummaryDomestication of dogs from wolves is the oldest known example of ongoing animal selection, responsible for generating more than 300 dog breeds worldwide. In order to investigate the taxonomic and functional evolution of the canine gut microbiota, a multi‐omics approach was applied to six wild wolves and 169 dog faecal samples, the latter encompassing 51 breeds, which fully covers currently known canine genetic biodiversity. Specifically, 16S rRNA gene and bifidobacterial Internally Transcribed Spacer (ITS) profiling were employed to reconstruct and then compare the canine core gut microbiota to those of wolves and humans, revealing that artificial selection and subsequent cohabitation of dogs with their owners influenced the microbial population of canine gut through loss and acquisition of specific bacterial taxa. Moreover, comparative analysis of the intestinal bacterial population of dogs fed on Bones and Raw Food (BARF) or commercial food (CF) diet, coupled with shotgun metagenomics, highlighted that both bacterial composition and metabolic repertoire of the canine gut microbiota have evolved to adapt to high‐protein or high‐carbohydrates intake. Altogether, these data indicate that artificial selection and domestication not only affected the canine genome, but also shaped extensively the bacterial population harboured by the canine gut.

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Wiley

Tập 21 Số 4

1331-1343

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