Metacommunity structure in a small boreal stream network

Journal of Animal Ecology - Tập 82 Số 2 - Trang 449-458 - 2013
Emma Göthe1, David G. Angeler1, Leonard Sandin2
1Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
2Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Silkeborg, Denmark

Tóm tắt

SummaryCurrent ecological frameworks emphasize the relative importance of local and regional drivers for structuring species communities. However, most research has been carried out in systems with discrete habitat boundaries and a clear insular structure. Stream networks deviate from the insular structure and can serve as excellent model systems for studying hierarchical community dynamics over different temporal and spatial extents.We used benthic invertebrate data from streams in a small northernSwedish catchment to test whether metacommunity dynamics change between seasons, across spatial hierarchies (i.e. at the whole catchment scale vs. the scales of first‐order and second/third‐order sites within the catchment) and between stream‐order groups.We assessed metacommunity structure as a function of three relevant dispersal dimensions (directional downstream processes, along‐stream dispersal and overland dispersal). These dispersal dimensions were related to species groups with relevant dispersal traits (flying capacity, drift propensity) and dispersal capacities (weak vs. strong) to elucidate whether the observed spatial signals were due to dispersal limitation or mass effects.Results showed complex community organization that varied between seasons, with the scale of observation, and with stream order. The importance of spatial factors and specific dispersal dimensions was highly dependent on the time of sampling and the scale of observation. The importance of environmental factors was more consistent in our analyses, but their effect on species community structure peaked at first‐order sites. Our analyses of species dispersal traits were not unequivocal, but indicated that both mass effects and dispersal limitation could simultaneously contribute to the spatial signal at the scale of the whole catchment through different dispersal pathways.We conclude that the study of hierarchically organized ecosystems uncovers complex patterns of metacommunity organization that may deviate substantially from those of systems with insular structure and discrete habitat boundaries. Moreover, we show that dispersal constraints imposed by the dendritic structure of stream networks and distinct dispersal mechanisms (e.g. dispersal limitation) may be evident also at very small spatial extents. Thus, even at this small scale, a landscape management approach that takes the dendritic nature of stream networks into account is needed to effectively conserve stream biodiversity.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1007/978-94-009-4109-0

10.1007/s11284-009-0681-7

Bengtsson J., 2010, Community Ecology: Processes, Models, and Applications, 115

Blanchet F.G.(2010)AEM: tools to construct asymmetric eigenvector maps (AEM) spatial variables. R package version 0.3‐2/r88.http://R-Forge.R-project.org/projects/sedar/.

10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2008.04.001

10.1111/j.0030-1299.2007.15391.x

10.1111/j.1365-2427.2006.01691.x

10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00486.x

10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01668.x

10.1029/2006JG000218

10.2307/1468022

10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[1008:MIOCRA]2.0.CO;2

10.1073/pnas.1119651109

10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2009.06.027

10.1111/j.1365-2427.2008.02041.x

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00820.x

10.1023/B:HYDR.0000029977.94089.b8

10.1111/j.1600-0587.2010.06462.x

Dray S.with contributions of Legendre P. and Blanchet G. (2009)Packfor: forward selection with permutation (Canoco p.46). R package version 0.0‐7/r58.http://R-Forge.R-project.org/projects/sedar/.

10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2582:ETLMDO]2.0.CO;2

Giller P.S., 1998, The Biology of Streams and Rivers, 10.1093/oso/9780198549789.001.0001

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.01007.x

Hanski I., 1999, Metapopulation Ecology, 10.1093/oso/9780198540663.001.0001

10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.01012.x

10.1111/j.1600-0706.2011.19715.x

Holyoak M., 2005, Metacommunities: Spatial Dynamics and Ecological Communities, 1

10.1086/282070

10.1111/j.1365-2427.2010.02563.x

10.1016/S0269-7491(99)00036-6

10.1007/s00027-004-0700-2

10.1007/s004420100716

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00608.x

10.1016/j.tree.2011.04.009

10.1046/j.1461-0248.2003.00483.x

10.1111/j.1365-2427.2005.01387.x

10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01588.x

10.1086/338996

10.1086/378857

10.1111/j.1466-8238.2006.00272.x

10.1007/s10750-008-9605-8

Oksanen J. Blanchet F.G. Kindt R. Legendre P. Minchin P.R. O'Hara R.B. Simpson G.L. Solymos P. Stevens M.H.H.&Wagner H.(2011)Vegan: community ecology package. R package version 2.0‐0.http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan.

10.1111/j.1365-2427.1987.tb01054.x

Ottosson Löfvenius M., 2003, Snow and soil frost depth in two types of shelterwood and a clear‐cut area, Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research, 18, 54, 10.1080/02827581.2003.10383138

10.1046/j.1365-2427.1999.00466.x

10.1111/j.0021-8901.2004.00942.x

10.2307/1468026

10.1899/0887-3593(2006)025[0730:FTNONA]2.0.CO;2

10.1086/284880

R Development Core Team, 2011, R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing

Richardson J.S., 2007, A synthesis of the ecology of headwater streams and their riparian zones in temperate forests, Forest Science, 53, 131, 10.1093/forestscience/53.2.131

10.1007/s00442-008-1174-z

10.1002/iroh.200310714

10.1021/es040045q

10.2307/1467400

10.1890/03-0631

10.1139/f80-017

10.1899/09-114.1

10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_18

10.1111/j.1365-2427.1992.tb00546.x

10.1046/j.1365-2427.2003.01125.x

10.1029/TR035i006p00951

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Animal Ecology

Tập 82 Số 2

449-458

Thông tin tác giả