Chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế và dịch vụ giáo dục cho trẻ em và thanh thiếu niên trong phổ tự kỷ: Một nghiên cứu tổng quan

Sabrin Rizk1, Emmanuel Ngui2, Zurisadai Salgado3, Dianna L. Bosak3, Mary Khetani3
1School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
2Community and Behavioral Health Promotion, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
3Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắtNghiên cứu tổng quan này đã xem xét các bằng chứng hiện có về chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế và mối liên hệ của nó với các dịch vụ giáo dục dành cho trẻ em và thanh thiếu niên trong phổ tự kỷ. Chúng tôi đã tìm kiếm trên năm cơ sở dữ liệu và tài liệu xám dẫn đến 328 công bố. Các công bố đáp ứng tiêu chí lựa chọn đã được phân loại theo các thành phần chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế, loại hình dịch vụ giáo dục và sức mạnh cũng như loại hình mối liên hệ của chúng. Mô hình hành vi Andersen về việc sử dụng dịch vụ sức khỏe đã được sử dụng để tóm tắt các yếu tố điều kiện, khả năng và nhu cầu được xem xét. Mười tám công bố đã được xem xét, bao gồm tám báo cáo thực hành/chính sách và mười công bố nghiên cứu gốc. Các thành phần chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế được nhấn mạnh nhiều nhất bao gồm chăm sóc tập trung vào gia đình (n = 10), giới thiệu (n = 16), và phối hợp chăm sóc hiệu quả (n = 13). Bảy công bố cũng đã đề cập đến nhiều loại hình dịch vụ giáo dục. Hai trong số năm công bố đã xác lập mối liên hệ đáng kể giữa các thành phần chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế và dịch vụ giáo dục có kết quả hỗn hợp, với một công bố báo cáo mối liên hệ tiêu cực và công bố còn lại báo cáo mối liên hệ tích cực. Các thách thức đối với chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế và dịch vụ giáo dục chủ yếu được phân loại là các yếu tố tạo điều kiện. Kết quả gợi ý ba lĩnh vực cần được nghiên cứu thêm: (1) bằng chứng hạn chế về sức mạnh và loại hình mối liên hệ giữa các thành phần chăm sóc sức khỏe tại nhà y tế và dịch vụ giáo dục; (2) việc sử dụng hạn chế các nguồn dữ liệu quần thể; và (3) cần xem xét một loạt các yếu tố rộng hơn khi xem xét mối liên hệ của chúng.

Từ khóa


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