Mechanism of Solute and Thermal Characteristics in a Casson Hybrid Nanofluid Based with Ethylene Glycol Influenced by Soret and Dufour Effects
Tóm tắt
This article models a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) for the thermal and solute characteristics under gradients (concentration and temperature) in the magnetohydrodynamic flow of Casson liquid in a Darcy porous medium. The modelled problems are highly non-linear with convective boundary conditions. These problems are solved numerically with a finite element approach under a tolerance of 10−8. A numerical algorithm (finite element approach) is provided and a numerical procedure is discussed. Convergence is also observed via 300 elements. Simulations are run to explore the dynamics of flow and the transport of heat and mass under parametric variation. To examine the impact of a temperature gradient on the transport of mass and the role of a concentration gradient on the transport of heat energy, simulations are recorded. Remarkable changes in temperature and concentration are noted when Dufour and Soret numbers are varied.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Masuda, 1993, Alteration of thermal conductivity and viscosity of liquid by dispersing ultra-fine particles. Dispersion of Al2O3, SiO2 and TiO2 ultra-fine particles, Netuse Bussei, 7, 227, 10.2963/jjtp.7.227
Choi, S.U., and Eastman, J.A. (1995). Enhancing Thermal Conductivity of Fluids with Nanoparticles, Argonne National Lab.
Phelan, 2005, Nanofluids for heat transfer applications, Annu. Rev. Heat Transf., 14, 255, 10.1615/AnnualRevHeatTransfer.v14.160
Lee, 1999, Measuring thermal conductivity of fluids containing oxide nanoparticles, J. Heat Transf., 121, 280, 10.1115/1.2825978
Eastman, 1996, Enhanced thermal conductivity through the development of nanofluids, MRS Online Proc. Libr. Arch., 457, 220
Huaqing, 2002, Thermal conductivity enhancement of suspensions containing nano-sized alumina particles, J. Appl. Phys., 91, 4568, 10.1063/1.1454184
Yimin, 2000, Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, 21, 58, 10.1016/S0142-727X(99)00067-3
Keblinski, 2002, Mechanisms of heat flow in suspensions of nano-sized particles (nanofluids), Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer., 45, 855, 10.1016/S0017-9310(01)00175-2
Naseem, 2021, Numerical exploration of thermal transport in water-based nanoparticles: A computational strategy, Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 45, 101334, 10.1016/j.csite.2021.101334
Nazir, 2020, Thermal performance of magnetohydrodynamic complex fluid using nano and hybrid nanoparticles, Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl., 553, 124345, 10.1016/j.physa.2020.124345
Koriko, 2021, Exploration of bioconvection flow of MHD thixotropic nanofluid past a vertical surface coexisting with both nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms, Sci. Rep., 11, 16627, 10.1038/s41598-021-96185-y
Ali, 2021, Investigation on TiO2—Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid with slip conditions in MHD peristaltic flow of Jeffrey material, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 143, 1985, 10.1007/s10973-020-09648-1
Tian, 2021, A techno-economic investigation of 2D and 3D configurations of fins and their effects on heat sink efficiency of MHD hybrid nanofluid with slip and non-slip flow, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 189, 105975, 10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.105975
Mumraiz, 2021, Entropy generation in electrical magnetohydrodynamic flow of Al2O3—Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid with non-uniform heat flux, J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 143, 2135, 10.1007/s10973-020-09603-0
Awais, 2021, Heat transfer and pressure drop performance of Nanofluid: A state-of-the-art review, Int. J., 9, 100065
Nazir, 2021, Finite element simulations of hybrid nano-Carreau Yasuda fluid with hall and ion slip forces over rotating heated porous cone, Sci. Rep., 11, 19604, 10.1038/s41598-021-99116-z
Manoj, 2007, Development and characterisation of Al2Cu and Al2Al nanoparticle dispersed water and ethylene glycol based nanofluid, Mat. Sci. Eng., 4, 141
Ijaz, 2020, Entropy analysis in nonlinearly convective flow of the Sisko model in the presence of Joule heating and activation energy: The Buongiorno model, Phys. Scr., 95, 025402, 10.1088/1402-4896/ab2dc7
Majeed, 2020, Heat transfer analysis of viscous fluid flow between two coaxially rotated disks embedded in permeable media by capitalising non-Fourier heat flux model, Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl., 540, 123182, 10.1016/j.physa.2019.123182
Ali, 2020, Thermal energy statistics for Jeffery fluid flow regime: A generalised Fourier’s law outcomes, Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl., 542, 123428, 10.1016/j.physa.2019.123428
Tanveer, 2020, Theoretical investigation of peristaltic activity in MHD based blood flow of non-Newtonian material, Comput. Methods Programs Biomed., 187, 105225, 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105225
Tanveer, 2020, Theoretical analysis of non-Newtonian blood flow in a microchannel, Comput. Methods Programs Biomed., 191, 105280, 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105280
Khan, 2020, Numerical modeling and analysis of bioconvection on MHD flow due to an upper paraboloid surface of revolution, Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl., 553, 124231, 10.1016/j.physa.2020.124231
Abbas, 2020, On extended version of Yamada–Ota and Xue models in micropolar fluid flow under the region of stagnation point, Phys. A Stat. Mech. Its Appl., 542, 123512, 10.1016/j.physa.2019.123512
Rehman, 2020, Finite element examination of hydrodynamic forces in grooved channel having two partially heated circular cylinders, Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 18, 100600, 10.1016/j.csite.2020.100600
Zahri, 2020, Thermally Magnetised Rectangular Chamber Optimization (TMRCO) of Partially Heated Continuous Stream: Hybrid Meshed Case Study, Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 22, 100770, 10.1016/j.csite.2020.100770
Hayat, 2011, Radiation effects on MHD flow of Maxwell fluid in a channel with porous medium, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 54, 854, 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.09.069
Hayat, 2017, On squeezed flow of couple stress nanofluid between two parallel plates, Results Phys., 7, 553, 10.1016/j.rinp.2016.12.038
Saif, 2017, Stagnation-point flow of second grade nanofluid towards a non-linear stretching surface with variable thickness, Results Phys., 7, 2821, 10.1016/j.rinp.2017.07.062
Hayat, 2017, On MHD non-linear stretching flow of Powell–Eyring nanomaterial, Results Phys., 7, 535, 10.1016/j.rinp.2016.12.039
Hayat, 2017, Darcy-Forchheimer flow due to a curved stretching surface with Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion: A numerical study, Results Phys., 7, 2663, 10.1016/j.rinp.2017.07.026
Hayat, 2017, Numerical study for Darcy-Forchheimer flow due to a curved stretching surface with Cattaneo-Christov heat flux and homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions, Results Phys., 7, 2886, 10.1016/j.rinp.2017.07.068
Saif, 2019, Darcy–Forchheimer flow of nanofluid due to a curved stretching surface, Int. J. Numer. Methods Heat Fluid Flow, 29, 2, 10.1108/HFF-08-2017-0301
Hayat, 2011, Soret and Dufour effects on the mixed convection flow of a second-grade fluid subject to Hall and ion-slip currents, Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, 67, 1073, 10.1002/fld.2405
Nawaz, 2013, Dufour and Soret effects in an axisymmetric stagnation point flow of second grade fluid with newtonian heating, J. Mech., 29, 27, 10.1017/jmech.2012.142
Nawaz, 2012, Dufour and Soret effects on MHD flow of viscous fluid between radially stretching sheets in porous medium, Appl. Math. Mech., 33, 1403, 10.1007/s10483-012-1632-6
Hayat, T., Nawaz, S., Alsaedi, A., and Rafiq, M. (2016). Mixed convective peristaltic flow of water based nanofluids with Joule heating and convective boundary conditions. PLoS ONE, 11.
Naseem, 2021, Contribution of Dufour and Soret effects on hydromagnetized material comprising temperature-dependent thermal conductivity, Heat Transf., 50, 7157, 10.1002/htj.22222
Naseem, T., Nazir, U., El-Zahar, E.R., Algelany, A.M., and Sohail, M. (2021). Numerical Computation of Dufour and Soret Effects on Radiated Material on a Porous Stretching Surface with Temperature-Dependent Thermal Conductivity. Fluids, 6.
Anwar, 2010, A collocation-shooting method for solving fractional boundary value problems, Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simul., 15, 3814, 10.1016/j.cnsns.2010.01.020
Chang, 2010, Numerical solution of Troesch’s problem by simple shooting method, Appl. Math. Comput., 216, 3303
Attili, 2008, Efficient shooting method for solving two-point boundary value problems, Chaos Solitons Fractals, 35, 895, 10.1016/j.chaos.2006.05.094
Lee, 2005, An improved shooting method for computation of effectiveness factors in porous catalysts, Chem. Eng. Sci., 60, 5569, 10.1016/j.ces.2005.05.027
Nazir, U., Sohail, M., Alrabaiah, H., Selim, M.M., Thounthong, P., and Park, C. (2021). Inclusion of hybrid nanoparticles in hyperbolic tangent material to explore thermal transportation via finite element approach engaging Cattaneo-Christov heat flux. PLoS ONE, 16.
Qureshi, 2021, Numerical study of heat and mass transfer in MHD flow ofnanofluid in a porous medium with Soret and Dufour effects, Heat Transf., 50, 4501, 10.1002/htj.22085
Rana, 2021, Thermal enhancement in coolant using novel hybrid nanoparticles with mass transport, Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 28, 101467, 10.1016/j.csite.2021.101467