Measuring Complex Patterns in Space–Time

Australasian Marketing Journal - Tập 22 - Trang 28-35 - 2014
Michael Thompson1, Louise Young1,2
1University of Western Sydney, School of Business, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith NSW 2751, Australia
2University of Southern Denmark, Department of Entrepreneurship and Relationship Management, Engstien 1, 6000 Kolding, Denmark

Tóm tắt

Complex systems generate complex information structures. Understanding and managing the behavior of systems, including business systems, requires the study of these complex structures to gain greater understanding of the processes and mechanisms at play in their generation, self-replication and evolution. However, the study of the information generated by such complex structures requires going beyond traditional analytical approaches, i.e. many/most of the existing statistical methods. This paper considers the nature of complex systems in information terms and discusses the issues associated with traditional measurement and summary of their information. The paper then introduces new approaches to conceptualizing and measuring data generated by complex social systems that address these issues by mapping the interaction(s) of the systems’ agents through space–time.

Tài liệu tham khảo

Alderson Wroe Marketing Behavior and Executive Action: A Functionalist Approach to Marketing Theory 1957 Richard D. Irwin Inc. Homewood, Illinois Anderson Philip, 1999, Organ. Sci., 10, 216, 10.1287/orsc.10.3.216 Arthur W. Brian, 1990, Sci. Am., 262, 92, 10.1038/scientificamerican0290-92 Arthur W. Brian, 1995, Complexity, 1, 20, 10.1002/cplx.6130010106 Axtell Robert L., 2001, In: Multi-Agent-Based Simulation., 1979, 33 Balestrino Aldo, Caiti Andrea, Crisostomi Emanuele, Grioli Giorgio, 2008. “A Generalised Entropy of Curves: An Approach to the Analysis of Dynamical Systems” In: Proceedings of the 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control Cancun, Mexico, Dec. 9–11, pp. 1157–1162. Barabasi Albert-Laszlo Linked: How Everything Is Connected to Everything Else and What It Means for Business, Science, and Everyday Life 2003 Penguin Group Plume, New York 10.1037/0033-295X.110.2.203 Buttriss Gary J., 2006, J. Int. Entrepreneurship, 4, 157, 10.1007/s10843-007-0012-4 Chatfield C. The Analysis of Time Series: An Introduction 1989 Chapman & Hall London Cook Matthew, 2009, EPTCS, 1, 31, 10.4204/EPTCS.1.4 Crutchfield James P., 1994, Physica D special issue on the Proceedings of the Oji International Seminar Complex Systems — from Complex Dynamics to Artificial Reality held 5–9 Crutchfield James P., 2009, Phys. Rev. Lett., 103, 094101, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.103.094101 Dimitrov Vladimir A New Kind of Social Science: Study of Self-organization of Human Dynamics 2003 Lulu Press Morrisville DuPain Yves, 1986, Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis, 94, 155, 10.1007/BF00280431 Epstein Joshua M., 1999, Complexity, 4, 41, 10.1002/(SICI)1099-0526(199905/06)4:5<41::AID-CPLX9>3.0.CO;2-F Feldman David P., 2008, Chaos, 18, 043106, 10.1063/1.2991106 Ford Kenneth W. Classical and Modern Physics: A Textbook for Students of Science and Engineering 1974 Wiley Freund John E. Modern Elementary Statistics sixth ed.1984 Prentice-Hall Gadde Lars-Erik, 1987, Int. J. Res. Market., 4, 29, 10.1016/0167-8116(87)90012-7 Gell-Mann Murray The Quark and the Jaguar: Adventures in the Simple and the Complex 1994 Abacus London Gleick J. Chaos 1987 Little, Brown and Company London Goldbaum David, 2008, Working Paper Series 155, School of Finance and Economics Hunt S.D., 1976, J. Market., 40, 17, 10.1177/002224297604000304 Kelly Kevin Out of Control 1994 Fourth Estate London Kleinaltenkamp Michael, 2006, J. Bus. Indust. Market., 21, 65, 10.1108/10610420610651287 Kotler Philip, 1972, J. Market., 36, 46, 10.1177/002224297203600209 Langley Ann, 1999, Acad. Manag. Rev., 24, 691, 10.5465/amr.1999.2553248 Langton Chris G., 1990, Phys. D, 42, 12, 10.1016/0167-2789(90)90064-V Laughlin Robert M. A Different Universe: Reinventing Physics from the Bottom Down 2005 Basic Books Marks Robert E., 1998, J. Econom. Dynam. Contr., 22, 1209, 10.1016/S0165-1889(98)00010-4 10.1177/1476127005052700 Mendenhall William Scheaffer Richard L. Wackerly Dennis D. Mathematical Statistics with Applications second ed.1981 Duxbury Press Boston, Massachusetts Michard Quentin, 2005, Eur. Phys. J. B, 47, 151, 10.1140/epjb/e2005-00307-0 Peitgen Heinz-Otto Jurgens Hartmut Saupe Dietmar Chaos and fractals: new frontiers of science 2004 Springer New York Phillips Lynn W., 1981, J. Mark. Res., 395, 10.1177/002224378101800401 Pincus Steve M., 1991, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 88, 2297, 10.1073/pnas.88.6.2297 Ramos O., 2009, PRL, 102, 078701, 10.1103/PhysRevLett.102.078701 Rissanen Jorma Information and Complexity in Statistical Modeling 2007 Springer New York Rong Baiding, 2011, Aust. Market. J., 3, 137, 10.1016/j.ausmj.2011.04.001 Schelling Thomas C. Micromotives and Macrobehavior 2006 W.W. Norton & Company Inc. New York Tesfatsion Leigh, 2002, Artif. Life, 8, 55, 10.1162/106454602753694765 Thompson Michael, 2012, In: 28th IMP-conference Van de Ven Andrew H., 2004, J. Bus. Ventur., 19, 343, 10.1016/S0883-9026(03)00035-1 10.1177/0170840605056907 Watts Duncan J. Small Worlds: The Dynamics of Networks between Order and Randomness 1999 Princeton University Press New Jersey Watts Duncan J. Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age 2003 Vantage Random House London Weisberg Sanford Applied Linear Regression third ed.2005 John Wiley & Sons Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey Wickham Hadley Ggplot2: Elegant Graphics for Data Analysis 2009 Springer Wilkinson I.F., 2001, Aust. J. Market., 9, 23, 10.1016/S1441-3582(01)70174-7 Wilkinson Ian F. Draft Business Relating Business: Managing Organisational Relations and Networks 2008 Edward Elgar Cheltenham Wolfram Stephen A New Kind of Science 2002 Wolfram Media Inc. Champaign, IL 10.1007/s11747-010-0191-8 Wu Hulin Zhang Jin-Ting Nonparametric Regression Methods for Longitudinal Data Analysis 2006 John Wiley & Sons Inc. Hoboken, New Jersey