Học giáo viên toán để chú ý: một đánh giá hệ thống về các nghiên cứu chương trình dựa trên video
Tóm tắt
Việc chú ý của giáo viên ngày càng được công nhận là một khía cạnh cơ bản của năng lực nghề nghiệp của giáo viên. Các học giả trong lĩnh vực sư phạm đã nghiên cứu cách phát triển khả năng chú ý có thể được hỗ trợ như thế nào trong giáo dục giáo viên ban đầu cũng như trong phát triển nghề nghiệp. Trong giáo dục giáo viên toán, một số nghiên cứu đã khám phá việc sử dụng video như một công cụ hỗ trợ cho việc chú ý của giáo viên. Vẫn chưa rõ cách mà tập hợp các công trình này xây dựng dựa trên các quan điểm lý thuyết khác nhau về việc chú ý phổ biến trong tài liệu, từ đó mở rộng sự hiểu biết của chúng ta về việc chú ý. Hơn nữa, lĩnh vực này chưa nghiên cứu một cách hệ thống mức độ mà nghiên cứu đã tận dụng các lợi thế của công nghệ video kỹ thuật số, và liệu các học giả có sử dụng các phương pháp nghiên cứu khác nhau để trả lời những câu hỏi quan trọng đối với những người giáo dục giáo viên hay không. Bài báo khảo sát này xem xét các nghiên cứu được công bố trong hai thập kỷ qua về các chương trình tập trung vào việc chú ý của giáo viên toán đã sử dụng video như một công cụ hỗ trợ cho việc học của giáo viên. Ba mươi lăm bài báo được bình duyệt bằng tiếng Anh đã được xác định và mã hóa theo ba chiều: (1) quan điểm lý thuyết; (2) việc sử dụng công nghệ video; và (3) câu hỏi và phương pháp nghiên cứu. Đánh giá này tổng hợp các phát hiện quan trọng và nhấn mạnh một số hướng nghiên cứu trong tương lai. Hầu hết các nghiên cứu liên quan đến giáo viên tương lai, và chỉ một số ít tập trung vào giáo viên đang công tác. Các nhà phát triển của phần lớn các chương trình đã tiếp cận từ quan điểm tâm lý học nhận thức và tập trung vào các khía cạnh chú ý/nhận thức và diễn giải/lý luận của việc chú ý. Rất ít nghiên cứu sử dụng phần mềm dựa trên video và rất ít nghiên cứu sử dụng nhóm, và thậm chí còn ít hơn sử dụng nhóm ngẫu nhiên. Bằng chứng về tác động của chương trình đối với việc phản hồi và ra quyết định, cũng như thực hành giảng dạy, là hạn chế và cần được mở rộng trong tương lai.
Từ khóa
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