Ramón Massana1, Angélique Gobet2,3, Stéphane Audic2,3, David Bass4,5, Lucie Bittner2,3,6, Christophe Boutte2,3, Aurélie Chambouvet7, Richard Christen8, Jean‐Michel Claverie9, Johan Decelle2,3, John R. Dolan10, Micah Dunthorn11, Bente Edvardsen12, Irene Forn1, Dominik Forster11, Laure Guillou2,3, Olivier Jaillon13, Wiebe H. C. F. Kooistra14, Ramiro Logares1, Frédéric Mahé11, Fabrice Not2,3, Hiroyuki Ogata15, Jan Pawłowski16, Massimo C. Pernice1, Ian Probert2,3, Sarah Romac2,3, Thomas A. Richards7, Sébastien Santini9, Kamran Shalchian‐Tabrizi12, Raffaele Siano17, Nathalie Simon2,3, Thorsten Stoeck11, Daniel Vaulot2,3, Adriana Zingone14, Colomban de Vargas2,3
1Institut de Ciències del Mar (CSIC) ES‐08003 Barcelona Catalonia Spain
2Ecologie Systematique Evolution CNRS FR‐29682 Roscoff France
3UMR7144 – Equipe EPPO: Evolution du Plancton et PaléoOcéans UPMC Université Paris 06 Roscoff France
4Cefas Weymouth Dorset DT4 8UB UK
5The Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
6University of Kaiserslautern D‐67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
7Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
8CNRS UMR 7138 Université Nice Sophia Antipolis FR‐06108 Nice France
9CNRS UMR 7256 Aix‐Marseille Université FR‐13288 Marseille France
10CNRS UMR 7093 UPMC Université Paris 06, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche FR‐06230 Villefranche‐sur‐Mer France
11University of Kaiserslautern, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
12Department Biosciences University of Oslo N‐0316 Oslo Norway
13CEA Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Crémieux FR‐91000 Evry France
14Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale I, 80121 Naples, Italy
15Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
16University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
17Ifremer DYNECO/Pelagos BP 7029280 Plouzané France
Tóm tắt
SummaryAlthough protists are critical components of marine ecosystems, they are still poorly characterized. Here we analysed the taxonomic diversity of planktonic and benthic protist communities collected in six distant European coastal sites. Environmental deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) from three size fractions (pico‐, nano‐ and micro/mesoplankton), as well as from dissolved DNA and surface sediments were used as templates for tag pyrosequencing of the V4 region of the 18S ribosomal DNA. Beta‐diversity analyses split the protist community structure into three main clusters: picoplankton‐nanoplankton‐dissolved DNA, micro/mesoplankton and sediments. Within each cluster, protist communities from the same site and time clustered together, while communities from the same site but different seasons were unrelated. Both DNA and RNA‐based surveys provided similar relative abundances for most class‐level taxonomic groups. Yet, particular groups were overrepresented in one of the two templates, such as marine alveolates (MALV)‐I and MALV‐II that were much more abundant in DNA surveys. Overall, the groups displaying the highest relative contribution were Dinophyceae, Diatomea, Ciliophora and Acantharia. Also, well represented were Mamiellophyceae, Cryptomonadales, marine alveolates and marine stramenopiles in the picoplankton, and Monadofilosa and basal Fungi in sediments. Our extensive and systematic sequencing of geographically separated sites provides the most comprehensive molecular description of coastal marine protist diversity to date.
