Marine ecosystem connectivity mediated by migrant–resident interactions and the concomitant cross‐system flux of lipids

Ecology and Evolution - Tập 6 Số 12 - Trang 4076-4087 - 2016
Mikael van Deurs1,2, Anders Persson1, Martin Lindegren2, Charlotte Jacobsen3, Stefan Neuenfeldt2, Christian Jørgensen4, P. Anders Nilsson1,5
1Department of Biology - Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
2National Institute for Aquatic resources ‐ Section for Marine Living Resources Technical University of Denmark Jægersborgs alle 1 DK‐2920 Charlottenlund Denmark
3National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Søltofts plads Building 221 DK‐2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
4Department of Biology - Theoretical Ecology Group and Hjort Centre for Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway
5Department of Environmental and Life Sciences - Biology, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden

Tóm tắt

AbstractAccumulating research argues that migrants influence the functioning and productivity of local habitats and ecosystems along migration routes and potentially drive cross‐system energy fluxes of considerable magnitude, yet empirical documentation of local ecological effects and descriptions of the underlying mechanisms are surprisingly rare. In this study, we discovered migrant–resident interactions and substantial cross‐system lipid transportation in the transition zone between the Baltic Sea and the North Sea where a resident cod population (predators) was found to interact with a herring population (prey) on a seasonal basis. We traced the lipids, using fatty acid trophic markers (FATM), from the herring feeding grounds in the North Sea to the cod livers in the Western Baltic Sea. Time series analysis of population dynamics indicated that population‐level production of cod is positively affected by the herring subsidies. However, the underlying mechanisms were more complicated than anticipated. During the herring season, large cod received most of its dietary lipids from the herring, whereas smaller cod were prevented from accessing the lipid pool due to a mismatch in predator–prey size ratio. Furthermore, while the herring were extremely rich in bulk energy, they were surprisingly poor in a specific functional fatty acid. Hence, our study was the first to illustrate how the magnitude cross‐system fluxes of subsidies in migrant–resident systems are potentially constrained by the size structure of the resident predator population and the nutritional quality of the migrants.

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Ecology and Evolution

Tập 6 Số 12

4076-4087

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