Mapping global human dependence on marine ecosystems

Conservation Letters - Tập 12 Số 2 - 2019
Elizabeth R. Selig1,2,3, David G. Hole2,4, Edward H. Allison5,6, Katie K. Arkema7, Madeleine McKinnon2, Jingjie Chu8, Alex de Sherbinin9, Brendan Fisher10, Louise Glew11, Margaret B. Holland12, Jane Carter Ingram13, N.H. Rao14, Roly Russell15, Tanja Srebotnjak16, Lydia C. L. Teh17, Sebastian Troëng2, Will R. Turner2, Alex Zvoleff2
1Center for Ocean Solutions Stanford University 473 Via Ortega Stanford California
2Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive Suite 500 Arlington Virginia
3Norwegian Institute for Water Research Gaustadalléen 21 Oslo Norway
4Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK
5School of Marine and Environmental Affairs University of Washington 3707 Brooklyn Avenue NE Seattle Washington
6WorldFish, Jalan Batu Maung, Batu Maung, 11960 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia
7Natural Capital Project, Stanford University, c/o School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Box 352100 Seattle Washington
8Environment & Natural Resources Global Practice World Bank 8602 SW 42nd Place Gainesville Florida
9Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) The Earth Institute Columbia University P.O. Box 1000 Palisades New York
10Gund Institute for Ecological Economics University of Vermont Burlington Vermont
11Science & Innovation World Wildlife Fund 1250 24th Street, N.W. Washington DC
12Geography and Environmental Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland
13Wildlife Conservation Society 2300 Southern Boulevard Bronx New York
14Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) 3420 Hillview Avenue Palo Alto California
15The Sandhill Institute for Complexity and Sustainability 5800 Edwards Road Grand Forks BC V0H 1H9 Canada
16Harvey Mudd College 301 Platt Blvd. Claremont California
17Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, AERL, 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada

Tóm tắt

AbstractMany human populations are dependent on marine ecosystems for a range of benefits, but we understand little about where and to what degree people rely on these ecosystem services. We created a new conceptual model to map the degree of human dependence on marine ecosystems based on the magnitude of the benefit, susceptibility of people to a loss of that benefit, and the availability of alternatives. We focused on mapping nutritional, economic, and coastal protection dependence, but our model is repeatable, scalable, applicable to other ecosystems, and designed to incorporate additional services and data. Here we show that dependence was highest for Pacific and Indian Ocean island nations and several West African countries. More than 775 million people live in areas with relatively high dependence scores. By identifying where and how people are dependent on marine ecosystems, our framework can be used to design more effective large‐scale management and policy interventions.

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Conservation Letters

Tập 12 Số 2

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