MBSJ MCC Young Scientist Award 2009 REVIEW: Selective autophagy regulates various cellular functions

Genes to Cells - Tập 15 Số 9 - Trang 923-933 - 2010
Masaaki Komatsu1, Yoshinobu Ichimura1
1Protein Metabolism Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Setagaya‐ku, Tokyo 156‐8506, Japan

Tóm tắt

Autophagy is a self‐eating system conserved among eukaryotes, in which cellular components including organelles are entrapped into a double membrane structure called the autophagosome and then degraded by lysosomal hydrolases. In addition to its role in supplying amino acids in response to nutrient starvation, autophagy is involved in quality control to maintain cell health. Thus, inactivation of autophagy causes the formation of cytoplasmic protein inclusions, which comprise misfolded proteins and the accumulation of many degenerated organelles, resulting in liver injury, diabetes, myopathy and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, although autophagy has been considered nonselective, increasing evidence points to the selectivity of autophagy in sorting vacuolar enzymes and removal of aggregate‐prone proteins and unwanted organelles. Such selectivity allows diverse cellular regulation, similar to the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. In this review, we discuss the physiological roles of selective autophagy and their molecular mechanisms.

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Genes to Cells

Tập 15 Số 9

923-933

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