MATCHING NATURAL WATER COLORS TO MUNSELL STANDARDS1

Journal of the American Water Resources Association - Tập 33 Số 6 - Trang 1351-1361 - 1997
Robert J. Davies‐Colley1,2,3,4, David G. Smith1,2,3,4, D.J. Speed1,2,3,4, John W. Nagels1,2,3,4
1Deputy Chief, Bureau of Water Supply, New York City Department of Environmental Protection, 465 Columbus Ave., Valhalla, New York 10595
2Respectively, Senior Scientist, National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd. (NiWA), P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand
3Scientist, Woodward-Clyde (NZ) Ltd., 385 Queen St., P.O. Box 821, Auckland, New Zealand
4Senior Technical Officer, NIWA, P.O. Box 11115, Hamilton, New Zealand.

Tóm tắt

ABSTRACT: Color of natural waters strongly influences their aesthetic appeal, suitability for recreational use, and aquatic habitat, but methods for routine specification of color have been lacking. An improved method has been developed for specifying water colors in the field. The water color, seen through an underwater viewer, is matched directly to Munsell standard patches observed simultaneously. The Munsell color‐matching method was verified versus measurements of the underwater light field, made with a submersible spectroradiometer in 20 different natural waters in New Zealand (mainly lakes), which varied widely in color and other optical characteristics. Hue, the most important color attribute of natural waters, could be matched accurately; the saturation and brightness less so. Color standard patches are not available covering the full range of typically dark water colors, but fortunately, brightness can be measured with simple submersible light sensors. The Munsell color matching method seems suitable for routine water resources survey and monitoring.

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