Long-term isolation of a highly mobile seabird on the Galapagos

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences - Tập 278 Số 1707 - Trang 817-825 - 2011
Frank Hailer1, Elizabeth A. Schreiber1, Joshua M. Miller1, Iris I. Levin2, Patricia G. Parker2, R. Terry Chesser3, Robert C. Fleischer1
1Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics, National Zoological Park and National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 3001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008, USA
2Department of Biology and Whitney R. Harris World Ecology Center, University of Missouri—St Louis, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
3US Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560, USA

Tóm tắt

The Galapagos Islands are renowned for their high degree of endemism. Marine taxa inhabiting the archipelago might be expected to be an exception, because of their utilization of pelagic habitats—the dispersal barrier for terrestrial taxa—as foraging grounds. Magnificent frigatebirds (Fregata magnificens) have a highly vagile lifestyle and wide geographical distribution around the South and Central American coasts. Given the potentially high levels of gene flow among populations, the species provides a good test of the effectiveness of the Galapagos ecosystem in isolating populations of highly dispersive marine species. We studied patterns of genetic (mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites and nuclear introns) and morphological variation across the distribution of magnificent frigatebirds. Concordant with predictions from life-history traits, we found signatures of extensive gene flow over most of the range, even across the Isthmus of Panama, which is a major barrier to gene flow in other tropical seabirds. In contrast, individuals from the Galapagos were strongly differentiated from all conspecifics, and have probably been isolated for several hundred thousand years. Our finding is a powerful testimony to the evolutionary uniqueness of the taxa inhabiting the Galapagos archipelago and its associated marine ecosystems.

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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

Tập 278 Số 1707

817-825

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