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Lactobacillus crispatus ức chế sự phát triển của Gardnerella vaginalis và Neisseria gonorrhoeae trên mô hình niêm mạc âm đạo heo
Tóm tắt
Hệ vi sinh âm đạo có thể ảnh hưởng đến mức độ nhạy cảm của phụ nữ đối với viêm âm đạo do vi khuẩn (BV) và các bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dục (STI). BV được đặc trưng bởi sự giảm bớt Lactobacillus spp., sự phát triển quá mức của vi khuẩn kỵ khí (thường do Gardnerella vaginalis chiếm ưu thế) và pH > 4.5. BV liên quan đến nguy cơ tăng cao khi mắc các STI như chlamydia và đau mắt hột. Mặc dù đã xác định được các mối liên hệ này, nhưng các cơ chế phân tử điều khiển nguy cơ nhiễm trùng vẫn chưa được biết đến. Một mô hình niêm mạc âm đạo heo ex vivo (PVM) đã được phát triển để khám phá vai trò cơ chế của Lactobacillus spp. trong việc ảnh hưởng đến sự thuộc địa của G. vaginalis và Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Dữ liệu được trình bày ở đây cho thấy tất cả các sinh vật được thử nghiệm đều có thể thuộc địa hóa và phát triển trên PVM ở mức độ mật độ lâm sàng có liên quan. Thêm vào đó, G. vaginalis và N. gonorrhoeae hình thành màng sinh học trên PVM. Đã quan sát thấy rằng axit lactic, axit acetic và axit hydrochloric ức chế sự phát triển của G. vaginalis trên PVM theo cách phụ thuộc vào pH. N. gonorrhoeae phát triển tốt nhất trong sự hiện diện của axit lactic ở pH 5.5, nhưng không phát triển tốt ở pH này khi có axit acetic. Cuối cùng, một chủng Lactobacillus crispatus lâm sàng (24-9-7) sản xuất axit lactic và ức chế sự phát triển của cả G. vaginalis và N. gonorrhoeae trên PVM. Dữ liệu này tiết lộ sự khác biệt trong ảnh hưởng của pH, các axit khác nhau và L. crispatus đối với sự phát triển của G. vaginalis và N. gonorrhoeae trên bề mặt niêm mạc âm đạo sống. PVM là một mô hình hữu ích để nghiên cứu sự tương tác giữa vi khuẩn âm đạo cộng sinh với các mầm bệnh và các cơ chế hình thành màng sinh học trên niêm mạc âm đạo.
Từ khóa
#Lactobacillus crispatus #Gardnerella vaginalis #Neisseria gonorrhoeae #mô hình niêm mạc âm đạo heo #viêm âm đạo do vi khuẩn #bệnh lây truyền qua đường tình dụcTài liệu tham khảo
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