Investigation of an outbreak of besnoitiosis in donkeys in northeastern Pennsylvania

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association - Tập 240 Số 11 - Trang 1329-1337 - 2012
SallyAnne L. Ness1, Jeanine Peters‐Kennedy2, Gereon Schares3, J. P. Dubey4, Linda D. Mittel2, Hussni O. Mohammed2, Dwight D. Bowman2, M. Julia B. Felippe2, Susan E. Wade2, Nicole Shultz2, Thomas J. Divers2
1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
2(Cornell University
3Institute of Epidemiology
4U. S. Department of Agriculture

Tóm tắt

Abstract

Objective—To describe the clinical, endoscopic, and serologic features of an outbreak of besnoitiosis in 2 donkey operations in northeastern Pennsylvania and to report the outcome of attempted treatment of 1 naturally infected individual.

Design—Observational study.

Animals—29 donkeys (Equus asinus) in northeastern Pennsylvania.

Procedures—Donkeys were examined for lesions suggestive of besnoitiosis in an outbreak investigation. Information was collected regarding the history and signalment of animals on each premises. Rhinolaryngoscopy was performed to identify nasopharyngeal and laryngeal lesions. Serum samples were collected for immunofluorescent antibody testing and immunoblotting for Besnoitia spp. Skin biopsy samples were obtained from 8 animals with lesions suggestive of besnoitiosis for histologic examination. Quantitative real-time PCR assay for Besnoitia spp was performed on tissue samples from 5 animals.

Results—Besnoitiosis was confirmed in 6 of the 8 suspected cases. The most common lesion site was the nares, followed by the skin and sclera. Donkeys with clinical signs of disease had higher serum antibody titers and tested positive for a greater number of immunoblot bands than did donkeys without clinical signs of disease. All animals evaluated by PCR assay tested positive. Putative risk factors for disease included age and sex. Ponazuril was not effective at treating besnoitiosis in a naturally infected donkey.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Knowledge of clinical and serologic features of besnoitiosis in donkeys will assist clinicians in the diagnosis and prevention of this disease in donkey populations. Besnoitiosis may be an emerging disease of donkeys in the United States.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Dubey, 2010, Besnoitia neotomofelis n. sp. (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the southern plains woodrat (Neotoma micropus), 137, 1731, 10.1017/S0031182010000636

Kiehl, 2010, Molecular biological comparison of different Besnoitia species and stages from different countries, 106, 889, 10.1007/s00436-010-1770-9

Dubey, 2004, Redescription of Besnoitia tarandi (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), 34, 1273, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2004.07.002

Paperna, 2001, Light microscopical structure and ultrastructure of a Besnoitia sp. in the naturally infected lizard Ameiva ameiva (Teiidae) from north Brazil, and in experimentally infected mice, 123, 247, 10.1017/S0031182001008368

Bigalke, 1968, New concepts on the epidemiological features of bovine besnoitiosis as determined by laboratory and field investigations, 35, 3

Mehlhorn, 2009, Another African disease in Central Europa: besnoitiosis of cattle. I. Light and electron microscopical study, 104, 861, 10.1007/s00436-008-1267-y

Jacquiet, 2010, Bovine besnoitiosis: epidemiological and clinical aspects, 174, 30, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.08.013

Schares, 2009, First in vitro isolation of Besnoitia besnoiti from chronically infected cattle in Germany, 163, 315, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.04.033

Fernández-García, 2010, Development and use of an indirect ELISA in an outbreak of bovine besnoitiosis in Spain, 166, 818, 10.1136/vr.b4874

Hadwen, 1922, Cyst-forming protozoa in reindeer and caribou, and a sarcosporidian parasite of the seal (Phoca richardi), 61, 374

Rehbinder, 1981, Cutaneous besnoitiosis in a Swedish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L), 33, 270

Bennett, 1933, Globidium infections in the Sudan, 46, 1, 10.1016/S0368-1742(33)80002-6

Bennett, 1927, A peculiar equine sarcosporidium in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, 83, 297

Ellis, 2000, Molecular phylogeny of Besnoitia and the genetic relationships among Besnoitia in cattle, wildebeest and goats, 151, 329, 10.1078/S1434-4610(04)70031-0

Dubey, 2005, Redescription of Besnoitia bennetti (Protozoa: Apicomplexa) from the donkey (Equus asinus), 35, 659, 10.1016/j.ijpara.2005.01.004

Davis, 1997, Case report: besnoitiosis in a miniature donkey, 8, 139, 10.1046/j.1365-3164.1997.d01-1.x

Elsheikha, 2005, An outbreak of besnoitiosis in miniature donkeys, 91, 877, 10.1645/GE-3277.1

Terrell, 1973, Besnoitia bennetti in two Mexican burros, 10, 177, 10.1177/030098587301000210

Dubey, 2003, Development and ultrastructure of Besnoitia oryctofelisi tachyzoites, tissue cysts, bradyzoites, schizonts and merozoites, 33, 807, 10.1016/S0020-7519(03)00087-0

Schares, 2010, Comparative evaluation of immunofluorescent antibody and new immunoblot tests for the specific detection of antibodies against Besnoitia besnoiti tachyzoites and bradyzoites in bovine sera, 171, 32, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.03.017

Cortes, 2006, Isolation of Besnoitia besnoiti from infected cattle in Portugal, 141, 226, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.05.022

Schares, 1999, Serological differences in Neospora caninum-associated epidemic and endemic abortions, 85, 688, 10.2307/3285744

Schares, 2011, Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assays for the sensitive detection of Besnoitia besnoiti infection in cattle, 178, 208, 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.038

Scott, 2000, Chapter 2: diagnostic methods, 71

Pols, 1960, Studies on bovine besnoitiosis with special reference to the aetiology, 28, 265

van Heerden, 1993, Besnoitiosis in a horse, 64, 92

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association

Tập 240 Số 11

1329-1337

Thông tin tác giả