Nghiên cứu bối cảnh palaeoenvironmental của sự phân tán của con người ở thời kỳ Pleistocen muộn vào Đông Nam Á: một đánh giá về các ứng dụng đồng vị ổn định

Archaeological and Anthropological Sciences - Tập 14 - Trang 1-27 - 2022
Meghan S. McAllister1, Mike W. Morley1, Jonathan J. Tyler2, Francesca A. McInerney2,3, Alison J. Blyth4
1Archaeology Department, College of Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
2Department of Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
3School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
4WA-Organic Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute of Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia

Tóm tắt

Chúng tôi xem xét các ứng dụng về môi trường cổ đại của phân tích đồng vị ổn định tại các di chỉ khảo cổ học thời kỳ Pleistocen muộn ở Đông Nam Á (SEA), một khu vực quan trọng để hiểu về sự tiến hóa của Homo sapiens và các loài hominin đồng tồn tại khác trong thời kỳ Pleistocen muộn (124–11.7 ka). Các kỹ thuật đồng vị ổn định được áp dụng cho các trầm tích khảo cổ có khả năng phát triển các cấu trúc môi trường cổ đại vững chắc, để đặt vào bối cảnh lịch sử cư trú và không cư trú của một địa điểm. Bằng cách đánh giá các nghiên cứu đã công bố trong lĩnh vực này, chúng tôi cho thấy rằng các trầm tích, phân guano, men răng, nhũ đá và vật liệu sinh phân tử như sáp lá có tiềm năng lớn để cung cấp hồ sơ môi trường cổ đại cụ thể cho địa điểm và bối cảnh cảnh quan ở quy mô địa phương và lưu vực cho sự phân tán của hominin trong khu vực. Tuy nhiên, các kỹ thuật đồng vị ổn định được sử dụng trong những ngữ cảnh này vẫn còn ở giai đoạn sơ khai ở SEA, và các yếu tố kiểm soát diagenetic liên quan đến môi trường nóng ẩm đặc trưng cho khu vực chưa được hiểu rõ hoàn toàn. Thêm vào đó, sự sẵn có của các nguồn đồng vị ổn định khác nhau giữa các địa điểm. Tuy nhiên, ngay cả những nghiên cứu hạn chế hiện có cũng cho thấy rằng phân tích đồng vị ổn định có thể hỗ trợ trong việc phát triển hiểu biết tốt hơn về vai trò của môi trường đối với bản chất và thời gian của các sự phân tán của loài chúng ta hướng về phía đông vào SEA và xa hơn nữa.

Từ khóa

#Đồng vị ổn định #Pleistocen muộn #Di chỉ khảo cổ học #Môi trường cổ đại #Phân tán con người

Tài liệu tham khảo

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