Nghiên cứu hiệu quả của liệu pháp hành vi nhận thức nhóm đối với khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội và cảm xúc cũng như tính linh hoạt nhận thức ở người bệnh đa xơ cứng tại Hamedan, Iran

Hadi Abedi1,2, Nasrin Matinnia3, Saeid Yazdi-Ravandi1
1Behavioral Disorders and Substance Abuse Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2MSc of Clinical Psychology, Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
3Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran

Tóm tắt

Đa xơ cứng là một bệnh mãn tính có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc đến cuộc sống của bệnh nhân. Nghiên cứu này điều tra hiệu quả của liệu pháp hành vi nhận thức nhóm đối với khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội, cảm xúc và tính linh hoạt nhận thức ở bệnh nhân đa xơ cứng tại thành phố Hamedan. Nghiên cứu hiện tại là một nghiên cứu bán thực nghiệm, được thiết kế với phương pháp tiền thử nghiệm - hậu thử nghiệm và theo dõi với một nhóm đối chứng. Đối tượng nghiên cứu bao gồm tất cả những người mắc bệnh MS đến tham gia với hiệp hội MS tại Hamedan, Iran, vào năm 2022, trong đó 30 người được chọn qua phương pháp lấy mẫu và phân bổ ngẫu nhiên thành hai nhóm thực nghiệm và đối chứng (mỗi nhóm 15 người). Nhóm thực nghiệm đã nhận được can thiệp hành vi nhận thức trong suốt tám buổi, mỗi buổi 90 phút hàng tuần. Nhóm đối chứng không nhận được bất kỳ can thiệp nào. Các chủ đề được đánh giá lại sau 2 tháng để theo dõi. Dữ liệu được thu thập thông qua bảng hỏi về khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội với bệnh, bảng hỏi về điều chỉnh cảm xúc Bell và bảng hỏi về tính linh hoạt nhận thức. Dữ liệu được phân tích bằng kiểm định phân tích phương sai với các phép đo lặp lại bằng phần mềm SPSS-21. Kết quả cho thấy can thiệp liệu pháp hành vi nhận thức có ảnh hưởng đáng kể đến việc cải thiện khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội, cảm xúc và tính linh hoạt nhận thức so với nhóm đối chứng. Sự ảnh hưởng này vẫn duy trì cho đến giai đoạn theo dõi. Liệu pháp hành vi nhận thức loại bỏ những rào cản nhận thức liên quan đến tâm thế và tự quản lý bằng cách tăng cường thông tin, qua đó cải thiện khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội, cảm xúc, tính linh hoạt nhận thức và do đó, hành vi tự chăm sóc.

Từ khóa

#đa xơ cứng #liệu pháp hành vi nhận thức #khả năng thích ứng tâm lý-xã hội #tính linh hoạt nhận thức #nghiên cứu bán thực nghiệm

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