Nghiên cứu con đường sinh hóa NAD-ME trong các loài cỏ C4 sử dụng sự biến đổi của bản sao phiên mã và axit amin trong các gen quang hợp C4

Photosynthesis Research - Tập 138 - Trang 233-248 - 2018
Alexander Watson-Lazowski1,2, Alexie Papanicolaou1,2, Robert Sharwood3,2, Oula Ghannoum1,2
1Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, Penrith, Australia
2ARC Centre of Excellence for Translational Photosynthesis, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
3Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

Tóm tắt

Việc mở rộng hiểu biết về con đường quang hợp C4 có thể cung cấp thông tin quan trọng để hỗ trợ cải thiện sinh học nhằm tăng cường quang hợp và năng suất cây trồng. Trong khi con đường NADP-ME C4 đã được xác định rõ ràng, có ngày càng nhiều sự quan tâm về nông nghiệp và kỹ thuật sinh học đối với các con đường NAD-ME và PEPCK ít được nghiên cứu hơn. Trong nghiên cứu này, việc xác định có hệ thống các khác biệt chính giữa các loài đã cho phép chúng tôi nghiên cứu sự tiến hóa của các gen được tuyển chọn cho C4 trong một loài C3 và mười một loài cỏ C4 (họ Poaceae) thuộc hai nguồn gốc độc lập của quá trình quang hợp C4. Chúng tôi cung cấp bằng chứng cho sự tồn tại của các bản sao đặc hiệu cho C4 của enzyme NAD-malic 2, MPC1 và MPC2 (các chất mang pyruvate ở ti thể) thông qua sự gia tăng độ phong phú phiên mã và tỷ lệ tiến hóa liên quan, điều này cho thấy chúng là các gen được tuyển chọn để thực hiện quang hợp C4 trong các phân loại NAD-ME và PEPCK. Chúng tôi sau đó điều tra sự phân bố của AspAT giữa các phân loại, sử dụng những bằng chứng mới và đã được công bố để xác định AspAT3 hiện diện trong cả tế bào chất và peroxisome. Cuối cùng, những phát hiện này được tổng hợp với độ phong phú phiên mã của các gen C4 đã được xác định trước đó để cung cấp một mô hình cập nhật cho quang hợp NAD-ME và PEPCK ở cỏ C4. Mô hình cập nhật này cho phép chúng tôi phát triển thêm trên hiểu biết hiện tại về quang hợp NAD-ME và PEPCK ở cỏ, củng cố những nỗ lực của chúng tôi nhằm hiểu về "con đường tiến hóa đến C4" và cải thiện quang hợp C4.

Từ khóa

#quang hợp C4 #con đường NAD-ME #enzyme NAD-malic #tiền xử lý gen #cỏ Poaceae

Tài liệu tham khảo

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