Intracellular transport of synaptic proteins

e-Neuroforum - Tập 17 Số 2 - Trang 42-47 - 2011
Matthias Kneussel1
1Institute for Molecular Neurogenetics, Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf Falkenried 94, 20251 Hamburg, Germany

Tóm tắt

Abstract Intracellular transport delivers cellular car­goes to and from their sites of action. Neurons are characterized by a polar and excitable nature and require the precise delivery of mRNAs, proteins and organelles to specific subcellular domains. Multiple motor protein complexes have been identified that actively transport synaptic cargoes along microtubules and actin fil­aments in both anterograde and retrograde directions. Different synaptic proteins couple via adaptor molecules to molecular motors and individual cargo adaptors also mediate scaffolding functions at postsynaptic membrane specializations, or have been found to participate in the navigation of cargoes to either axons or dendrites. Increasing evidence suggests a functional crosstalk between synaptic activation and the intracellular transport machinery. Whether microtubule-based transport contributes to long-term strengthening or weakening of synapses is currently under investigation. A variety of posttranslational modifications of tubulin positively or negatively influence cargo traffic and are suggest­ed to act as molecular traffic signs in trans­port regulation.

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e-Neuroforum

Tập 17 Số 2

42-47

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