Interventions to prevent venous thrombosis after air travel, are they necessary? Yes

Homans, 1954, Thrombosis of the deep legs veins due to prolonged sitting, Engl J Med, 250, 148, 10.1056/NEJM195401282500404 Lapostolle, 2001, Severe pulmonary embolism associated with air travel, N Engl J Med, 345, 780, 10.1056/NEJMoa010378 Perez‐Rodriguez, 2003, Incidence of air travel‐related pulmonary embolism at the Madrid‐Barajas airport, Arch Intern Med, 163, 2766, 10.1001/archinte.163.22.2766 Kelman, 2003, Deep vein thrombosis and air travel: record linkage study, BMJ, 327, 1072, 10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1072 Samama, 2000, An epidemiologic study of risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in medical outpatients: the Sirius Study, Arch Intern Med, 160, 3415, 10.1001/archinte.160.22.3415 Hughes, 2006, Recent air travel and venous thromboembolism resulting in hospital admission, Respirology, 11, 75, 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2006.00787.x Scurr, 2001, Coleridge Smith PD. Frequency and prevention of symptomless deep‐vein thrombosis in long‐haul flights: a randomized trial, Lancet, 357, 1485, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04645-6 Belcaro, 2001, Venous thromboembolism from air travel. The LONFLIT study, Angiology, 52, 369, 10.1177/000331970105200601 Schwarz, 2003, Venous thrombosis after long‐haul flights, Arch Intern Med, 163, 2759, 10.1001/archinte.163.22.2759 Kucher, 2005, Efficacy and safety of fixed low‐dose dalteparin in preventing venous thromboembolism among obese or elderly hospitalized patients: a subgroup analysis of the PREVENT trial, Arch Intern Med, 165, 341, 10.1001/archinte.165.3.341 Parkin, 2006, Air travel and fatal pulmonary embolism, Thromb Haemost, 95, 807, 10.1160/TH05-12-0813 Dalen, 2003, Economy class syndrome: too much flying or too much sitting, Arch Intern Med, 163, 2674, 10.1001/archinte.163.22.2674 Simpson, 1940, Shelter deaths from pulmonary embolism, Lancet, 2, 744, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)92078-6 Kraaijenhagen, 2000, Travel and risk of venous thrombosis, Lancet, 356, 1492, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02878-6 Delis, 2004, Lower limb venous haemodynamic impairment on dependency: quantification and implications for the ‘‘economy class’’ position, Thromb Haemost, 91, 941, 10.1160/TH03-12-0754 Bendz, 2000, Association between acute hypobaric hypoxia and activation of coagulation in human beings, Lancet, 356, 1657, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03165-2 Toff, 2006, Effect of hypobarc hypoxia, simulating conditions during long‐haul air travel, on coagulation, fibrinolysis, platelet function and endothelial activation, JAMA, 295, 2251, 10.1001/jama.295.19.2251 Schobersberger, 2006, Changes in blood coagulation of arm and leg veins during a simulated long‐haul flight, Thromb Res, 19 Schreijer, 2006, Activation of coagulation system during air travel: a crossover study, Lancet, 367, 832, 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68339-6 Boccalon, 2005, Long‐haul flights do not activate hemostasis in young health men, J Thromb Haemost, 3, 1539, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2005.01469.x Martinelli, 2003, Risk of venous thromboembolism after air travel: interaction with thrombophilia and oral contraceptives, Arch Intern Med, 163, 2771, 10.1001/archinte.163.22.2771 McQuillan, 2003, Venous thromboembolism in travellers: can we identify those at risk, Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis, 14, 671, 10.1097/00001721-200310000-00009 Gajic, 2005, Long haul air travel before major surgery: a prescription for thromboembolism, Mayo Clin Proc, 80, 728, 10.1016/S0025-6196(11)61525-5 Kehr, 2006, Medical Turism, Time, 168, 41 Hughes, 2003, Frequency of venous thromboembolism in low to moderate risk long distance air travellers: the New Zealand Air Traveller's Thrombosis (NZATT) study, Lancet, 362, 2039, 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)15097-0 Schreijer, 2006, The effect of flight‐related behaviour on the risk of venous thrombosis after air travel, Brit J Haematol, 133, 44 Schiffer, 2005, Effects of mild leg exercise in a seated position on haemostatic parameters under normobaric hypoxic conditions, Can J Appl Physiol, 30, 708, 10.1139/h05-150 Belcaro, 2002, Prevention of edema, flight microangiopathy and venous thrombosis in long flights with elastic stockings. A randomized trial: the LONFLIT 4 Concorde Edema‐SSL Study, Angiology, 53, 635, 10.1177/000331970205300603 Cesarone, 2003, The LONFLITA4‐Concorde Sigvaris Traveno Stockings in long‐haul flights (EcoTraS) study: a randomized trial, Angiology, 54, 1, 10.1177/000331970305400101 Clarke, 2006, Compression stockings for preventing deep vein thrombosis in airline passengers, Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 19, CD004002 Coppens, 2006, Intermittent mechanical calf compression for prevention of travelers’ thrombosis, J Thromb Haemost, 4, 1836, 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.02019.x Cesarone, 2002, Venous thrombosis from air travel: the LONFLIT 3 study prevention with aspirin vs low‐molecular‐weight heparin (LMWH) in high‐risk subjects: a randomized trial, Angiology, 53, 1, 10.1177/000331970205300101 Bendz, 2001, Low molecular weight heparin prevents activation of coagulation in a hypobaric environment, Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis, 12, 371, 10.1097/00001721-200107000-00006 Cesarone, 2003, Prevention of venous thrombosis in long‐haul flights with Flite Tabs: the LONFLIT‐FLITE randomized, controlled trial, Angiology, 54, 531, 10.1177/000331970305400502 Moyle, 2003, Medical guidelines for airline travel, Aviat Space Environ Med, 74, A1 Kuipers S, Cannegieter SC, Middeldorp S, Rosendaal FR, Büller HR. Use of preventive measures for travel‐related venous thrombosis in professional who attend medical conferences. J Thromb Haemost; 4: 2373–6.