Influence of crystal structure of nanosized ZrO2 on photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange
Tóm tắt
Nanosized ZrO2 powders with near pure monoclinic, tetragonal, and cubic structures synthesized by various methods were used as catalysts for photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. The structural and textural properties of the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, TEM, UV-vis, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 adsorption measurements. The performance of synthesized ZrO2 nanoparticles in the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under UV light irradiation was evaluated. The photocatalytic activity of the pure monoclinic ZrO2 sample is higher than that of the tetragonal and cubic ZrO2 samples under optimum identical conditions. The characterization results revealed that monoclinic ZrO2 nanoparticles possessed high crystallinity and mesopores with diameter of 100 Å. The higher activity of the monoclinic ZrO2 sample for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange can be attributed to the combining effects of factors including the presence of small amount of oxygen-deficient zirconium oxide phase, high crystallinity, large pores, and high density of surface hydroxyl groups.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Roselin LS, Selvin R. Photocatalytic treatment and reusability of textile dyeing effluents from cotton dyeing industries. Sci Adv Mater. 2011;3:113–9.
Ameen S, Akhtar MS, Kim YS, Yang OB, Shin HS. Synthesis and characterization of novel poly(1-naphthylamine)/zinc oxide nanocomposites: application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue dye. Colloid Polym Sci. 2010;288:1633–8.
Neelakandeswari N, Sangami G, Dharmaraj N. Taek N K, Kim H Y: Spectroscopic investigations on the photodegradation of toluidine blue dye using cadmium sulphide nanoparticles prepared by a novel method. Spectrochim Acta, Part A. 2011;78:1592–8.
Hoffmann MR, Martin ST, Choi W, Bahnemann DW. Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem Rev. 1995;95:69–96.
Kuriakose S, Satpati B, Mohapatra S. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Co doped ZnO nanodisks and nanorods prepared by a facile wet chemical method. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:12741–9.
Kuriakose S, Choudhary V, Satpati B, Mohapatra S. Facile synthesis of Ag-ZnO hybrid nanospindles for highly efficient photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2014;16:17560–8.
Cheng C, Amini A, Zhu C, Xu Z, Song H, Wang N. Enhanced photocatalytic performance of TiO2-ZnO hybrid nanostructures. Sci Reports. 2014;4:1481–6.
Ren L, Li Y, Hou J, Zhao X, Pan C. Preparation and enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2 nanocrystals with internal pores. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2014;6:1608–15.
Navio JA, Hidalgo MC, Colon G, Botta SG, Litter MI. Preparation and physicochemical properties of ZrO2 and Fe/ZrO2 prepared by a sol-gel technique. Langmuir. 2001;17:202–10.
Botta SG, Navio JA, Hidalgo MC, Restrepo GM, Litter MI. Photocatalytic properties of ZrO2 and Fe/ZrO2 semiconductors prepared by a sol-gel technique. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem. 1999;129:89–99.
Sreethawong T, Ngamsinlapasathian S, Yoshikawa S. Synthesis of crystalline mesoporous-assembled ZrO2 nanoparticles via a facile surfactant-aided sol-gel process and their photocatalytic dye degradation activity. Chem Eng J. 2013;228:256–62.
Sohn JR, Ryu SG. Surface characterization of chromium oxide-zirconia catalyst. Langmuir. 1993;9:126–31.
Gao PT, Meng LJ, dos Santos MP, Teixeira V, Andritschky M. Study of ZrO2-Y2O3 films prepared by RF magnetron reactive sputtering. Thin Solid Films. 2000;377:32–6.
Ma ZY, Yang C, Wei W, Li WH, Su YH. Surface properties and CO adsorption on zirconia polymorphs. J Mol Catal A Chem. 2005;227:119–24.
Pokrovski K, Jung KT, Bell AT. Investigation of CO and CO2 adsorption on tetragonal and monoclinic zirconia. Langmuir. 2001;17:4297–303.
Nawale AB, Kanhe NS, Bhoraskar SV, Mathe VL, Das AK. Influence of crystalline phase and defects in the ZrO2 nanoparticles synthesized by thermal plasma route on its photocatalytic properties. Mater Res Bull. 2012;47:3432–9.
Zhao J, Wang X, Zhang L, Hou X, Li Y, Tang C. Degradation of methyl orange through synergistic effect of zirconia nanotubes and ultrasonic wave. J Hazar Mater. 2011;188:231–4.
Ismail S, Ahmad ZA, Berenov A, Lockman Z. Effect of applied voltage and fluoride ion content on the formation of zirconia nanotube arrays by anodic oxidation of zirconium. Corros Sci. 2011;53:1156–64.
Jiang W, He J, Zhong J, Lu J, Yuan S, Liang B. Preparation and photocatalytic performance of ZrO2 nanotubes fabricated with anodization process. Appl Sur Sci. 2014;307:407–13.
Shu Z, Jiao X, Chen D. Hydrothermal synthesis and selective photocatalytic properties of tetragonal star-like ZrO2 nanostructures. Cryst Eng Comm. 2013;15:4288–94.
Guo GY, Chen YL. A nearly pure monoclinic nanocrystalline zirconia. J Solid State Chem. 2005;178:1675–82.
Rezaei M, Alavi SM, Sahebdelfar S, Xinmei L, Yan ZF. Synthesis of mesoporous nanocrystalline zirconia with tetragonal crystallite phase by using ethylene diamine as precipitation agent. J Mater Sci. 2007;42:7086–92.
Tahir MN, Gorgishvili L, Li J. Facile synthesis and characterization of monocrystalline cubic ZrO2 nanoparticles. Solid State Sci. 2007;9:1105–9.
Calafat A. The influence of preparation conditions on the surface area and phase formation of zirconia. Stud Surf Sci Catal. 1998;118:837–43.
Srinivasan R, De Angelis RJ, Ice G, Davis BH. Identification of tetragonal and cubic structures of zirconia using synchrotron x-radiation source. J Mater Res. 1991;6:1287–92.
Abdala PM, Fantini MC, Craievich AF, Lamas DG. Crystallite size-dependent phases in nanocrystalline ZrO2-Sc2O3. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2010;12:2822–9.
Mokhtar M, Basahel SN, Ali TT. Effect of synthesis methods for mesoporous zirconia on its structural and textural properties. J Mater Sci. 2013;48:2705–13.
Bersani D, Lottici PP, Rangel G, Ramos E, Pecchi G, Gomez R, et al. Micro-Raman study of indium doped zirconia obtained by sol-gel. J Non-Crystalline Solids. 2004;345–346:116–9.
Gazzoli D, Mattei G, Valigi M. Raman and X-ray investigations of the incorporation of Ca2+ and Cd2+ in the ZrO2 structure. J Raman Spectrosc. 2007;38:824–31.
Chervin CN, Clapsaddle BJ, Chiu HW, Gash AE, Satcher JH, Kauzlarich SM. Aerogel synthesis of yttria-stabilized zirconia by a non-alkoxide sol-gel route. Chem Mater. 2005;17:3345–51.
Kontoyannis CG, Orkoula M. Quantitative determination of the cubic, tetragonal and monoclinic phases in partially stabilized zirconias by Raman spectroscopy. J Mater Sci. 1994;29:5316–20.
Ray JC, Patil RK, Pramanik P. Chemical synthesis and structural characterization of nanocrystalline powders of pure zirconia and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ). J Eur Ceram Soc. 2000;20:1289–95.
Garvie RC. The occurrence of metastable tetragonal zirconia as a crystallite size effect. J Phys Chem. 1965;69:1238–43.
Zhao N, Pan D, Nie W, Ji X. Two-phase synthesis of shape-controlled colloidal zirconia nanocrystals and their characterization. J Am Chem Soc. 2006;128:10118–24.
Kasatkin I, Girgsdies F, Ressler T, Caruso RA, Schattka JH, Urban J, et al. HRTEM observation of the monoclinic-to-tetragonal (m-t) phase transition in nanocrystalline ZrO2. J Mater Sci. 2004;39:2151–7.
Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, FIZ Karlsruhe and the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Karlsruhe.2014, http://icsd.fiz-karlsruhe.de/search/index.xhtml. Accessed 10 Sept 2014.
Rouquerol F, Rouquerol J, Sing K. Adsorption by powders and porous solid: principle, methodology, and applications. San Diego: Academic; 1999.
McBain JW. An explanation of hysteresis in the hydration and dehydration of gels. J Am Chem Soc. 1935;57:699–700.
Basahel SN, Ali TT, Narasimharao K, Bagabas AA, Mokhtar M. Effect of iron oxide loading on the phase transformation and physicochemical properties of nanosized mesoporous ZrO2. Mater Res Bull. 2012;47:3463–72.
Wang W, Guo HT, Gao JP, Dong XH, Qin QX. XPS, UPS and ESR studies on the interfacial interaction in Ni-ZrO2 composite plating. J Mater Sci. 2000;35:1495–9.
Ardizzone S, Bianchi CL. XPS characterization of sulphated zirconia catalysts: the role of iron. Surf Inter Anal. 2000;30:77–80.
Dongare MK, Dongare AM, Tare VB, Kemniz E. Synthesis and characterization of copper-stabilized zirconia as an anode material for SOFC. Solid State Ionics. 2002;455:152–6.
Kawasaki KA. Positions of photoelectron and auger lines on the binding energy scale. Japan: XPS International; 1997. p. 7.
Ram S, Mondal A. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies of Al3+ stabilized t-ZrO2 of nanoparticles. Appl Sur Sci. 2004;221:237–47.
Gredelj S, Gerson AR, Kumar S, Cavallaro GP. Characterization of aluminium surfaces with and without plasma nitriding by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Appl Surf Sci. 2001;174:240–50.
Ardizzone S, Cattania MG, Lazzari P, Sarti M. Bulk, surface and double layer properties of zirconia polymorphs subjected to mechanical treatments. Mater Chem Phys. 1991;28:399–412.
Rashad MM, Baioumy HM. Effect of thermal treatment on the crystal structure and morphology of zirconia nanopowders produced by three different routes. J Mater Process Tech. 2008;195:178–85.
Herrera G, Montoya N, Domenech-Carbo A, Alarcon J. Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties of iron-zirconia solid solution nanoparticles prepared using a sol-gel technique. Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2013;15:19312–21.
Li N, Dong B, Yuan W, Gao Y, Zheng L, Huang Y, et al. ZrO2 nanoparticles synthesized using ionic liquid microemulsion. J Dispersion Sci Technol. 2007;28:1030–3.
French RH, Glass SJ, Ohuchi FS, Xu YN, Ching WY. Experimental and theoretical determination of the electronic structure and optical properties of three phases of ZrO2. Phys Rev B Condens Matter. 1994;49:5133–42.
Emeline V, Kuzmin GN, Purevdorj D, Ryabchuk VK, Serpone N. Spectral dependencies of the quantum yield of photochemical processes on the surface of wide band gap solids. 3. Gas/solid systems. J Phys Chem B. 2000;104:2989–99.
Chang SM, Doong RA. Inter band transitions in sol-gel-derived ZrO2 films under different calcination conditions. Chem Mater. 2007;19:4804–10.
Wang WW, Zhu YJ, Yang LX. ZnO-SnO2 hollow spheres and hierarchical nanosheets: hydrothermal preparation, formation mechanism, and photocatalytic properties. Adv Funct Mater. 2007;17:59–64.
Bachiller-Baeza B, Rodriguez-Ramos I, Guerrero-Ruiz A. Interaction of carbon dioxide with the surface of zirconia polymorphs. Langmuir. 1998;14:3556–64.
Ma Z-Y, Yang C, Wei W, Li W-H, Sun Y-H. Surface properties and CO adsorption on zirconia polymorphs. J Mol Catal A Chem. 2005;227:119–24.
Guo B, Shen H, Shu K, Zeng Y, Ning W. The study of the relationship between pore structure and photocatalysis of mesoporous TiO2. J Chem Sci. 2009;121:317–21.
Shao GN, Imran SM, Jeon SJ, Engole M, Abbas N, Haider MS, et al. Sol-gel synthesis of photoactive zirconia-titania from metal salts and investigation of their photocatalytic properties in the photodegradation of methylene blue. Powder Technol. 2014;258:99–109.
Ahmed S, Rasul MG, Brown R, Hashi MA. Influence of parameters on the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenolic contaminants in wastewater: a short review. J Environ Manage. 2011;92:311–30.
Jantawasu P, Sreethawong T, Chavadej S. Photocatalytic activity of nanocrystalline mesoporous-assembled TiO2 photocatalyst for degradation of methyl orange monoazo dye in aqueous wastewater. Chem Eng J. 2009;155:223–33.
Xu C, Mei L. Synthesis and enhanced photocatalytic activity of hierarchical ZnO nanostructures. J Nanosci Nanotech. 2013;13:513–6.