Inflammatory Infiltrate, Microvessel Density, Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expression, and Proliferative Activity in Peri‐Implant Soft Tissues Around Titanium and Zirconium Oxide Healing Caps

Journal of Periodontology - Tập 77 Số 1 - Trang 73-80 - 2006
Marco Degidi1,2, Luciano Artese3, Antônio Scarano1, Vittoria Perrotti1, Peter Gehrke4, Adriano Piattelli3
1Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara.
2Private Practice, Bologna, Italy
3Private Practice, Ludwigshafen, Germany
4Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara.

Tóm tắt

Background: The aim of the present study in humans was to conduct a comparative immunohistochemical evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression, inflammatory infiltrate, proliferative activity expression, and microvessel density (MVD) in peri‐implant soft tissues of titanium and zirconium oxide healing caps.Methods: Five patients, three men and two women (aged 30 to 66 years; mean: 49 years), participated in this study. All patients received dental implants that were 3.8 mm in diameter and 11 mm in length. All implants were left to heal in a non‐submerged (single‐stage) mode. Healing caps (3.8 mm in diameter and 3.0 mm in height) were inserted in all implants. Half of the implants were supplied with standard, prefabricated caps of commercially pure titanium, whereas the other half were provided with test zirconium oxide caps. After a 6‐month healing period, a gingival biopsy was performed with a circular scalpel (5.5 mm in diameter) around the healing caps of both groups, without unscrewing or removing the healing caps. The dimensions of the gingival biopsies were 1.7 mm (5.5 − 3.8 mm) in thickness and 3 mm in height.Results: Statistically significant differences were found in the microvessel density between titanium and zirconium oxide healing caps and group II (P ≤0.0001). Statistically significant differences were likewise found in the low and high intensities of NOS1, NOS3, and VEGF (P ≤0.0001). In conclusion, the high intensity of NOS1, NOS3, and VEGF were mostly expressed in the titanium group, whereas the low intensity of NOS1, NOS3, and VEGF were mostly expressed in the zirconium oxide group.Conclusions: In our specimens, the inflammatory infiltrate was mostly present in the titanium specimens. Their extension was much larger than that of the zirconium oxide specimens. Higher values of MVD were observed in the titanium specimens (29.1 versus 15.8). In addition, a higher expression of VEGF intensity was observed in the peri‐implant tissues of titanium healing caps, whereas predominantly lower expressions of VEGF intensity were noted around the zirconium oxide healing caps. The Ki‐67 expression was higher in the titanium specimens. All these data revealed that the tissues around titanium healing caps underwent a higher rate of inflammation‐associated processes, most probably correlated to the higher inflammation processes observed in these tissues. A higher intensity expression of NOS1 and NOS3 was recorded in the tissues around titanium, whereas, on the contrary, a lower intensity of expression was found in the tissues around zirconium oxide specimens. These latter data indicate that the higher expression of these two mediators could be correlated to the higher amount of bacteria present around the titanium samples.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1902/jop.2002.73.3.322

10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.090601.x

10.1034/j.1600-0501.1996.070302.x

10.1016/S0109-5641(97)80038-3

Becker W, 1990, Clinical and microbiologic findings that may contribute to dental implant failure, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 5, 31

Piattelli A, 1989, Histologic observations on 230 retrieved dental implants: An 8‐year experience, J Periodontol, 1998, 178

O'Mahony A, 2000, Design features that may influence bacterial plaque retention: A retrospective analysis of failed implants, Quintessence Int, 31, 249

Drake DR, 1999, Primary bacterial colonization of implant surfaces, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 14, 226

10.1111/j.1600-0757.1994.tb00007.x

10.1034/j.1600-0501.2002.130101.x

10.1046/j.0909-8836..t01-6-.x

10.1034/j.1600-0501.1998.090201.x

10.1016/0022-3913(92)90338-B

Ahmad I, 1998, Yttrium‐partially stabilized zirconium dioxide posts: An approach to restoring coronally compromised nonvital teeth, Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent, 18, 454

10.1016/S0142-9612(98)00010-6

10.1902/jop.2004.75.9.1262

10.1902/jop.2003.74.2.181

10.1177/154405910308200306

10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.00660.x

10.1902/jop.2002.73.7.748

10.1902/jop.2000.72.9.1254

10.1902/jop.2000.71.10.1546

10.1034/j.1600-0765.2003.01646.x

10.1097/00004770-200303000-00004

10.1016/S8756-3282(03)00053-X

10.1111/j.1600-0765.2004.00711.x

10.1034/j.1601-0825.2002.02852.x

10.1016/S0003-9969(02)00183-8

10.1016/j.oraloncology.2004.09.007

10.1034/j.1601-0825.2001.70102.x

10.1902/jop.2000.71.4.533

10.1016/j.femsim.2004.07.001

10.1902/jop.2002.73.4.392

10.1902/jop.2001.72.5.590

10.1111/j.1600-0765.2004.00757.x

10.1902/jop.2004.75.9.1227

10.1034/j.1600-0765.2000.035006369.x

10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00259.x

10.1902/jop.1997.68.6.556

10.1111/j.1600-051X.1995.tb01765.x

10.1177/00220345930720090801

Heydenrijk K, 2002, Microbiota around root‐form endosseous implants: A review of the literature, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 17, 829

Quirynen M, 1996, The influence of titanium abutments surface roughness on plaque accumulation and gingivitis: Short‐term observations, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 11, 169

10.1034/j.1600-0501.2001.120601.x

Rimondini L, 2002, Bacterial colonization of zirconia ceramic surfaces: An in vitro and in vivo study, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants, 17, 793

10.1902/jop.2002.73.3.322

10.1902/jop.2004.75.2.292

10.1902/jop.2000.71.5.701

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Journal of Periodontology

Tập 77 Số 1

73-80

Thông tin tác giả