Inflammation and Immune Response in COPD: Where Do We Stand?

Mediators of Inflammation - Tập 2013 - Trang 1-9 - 2013
Νikoletta Ρovina1, Antonia Koutsoukou1, Νikolaos Koulouris1
1Intensive Care Unit, 1st Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens and “Sotiria” Chest Disease Hospital, 152 Mesogeion Avenue, 11527 Athens, Greece

Tóm tắt

Increasing evidence indicates that chronic inflammatory and immune responses play key roles in the development and progression of COPD. Recent data provide evidence for a role in the NLRP3 inflammasome in the airway inflammation observed in COPD. Cigarette smoke activates innate immune cells by triggering pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to release “danger signal”. These signals act as ligands to Toll-like receptors (TLRs), triggering the production of cytokines and inducing innate inflammation. In smokers who develop COPD there appears to be a specific pattern of inflammation in the airways and parenchyma as a result of both innate and adaptive immune responses, with the predominance of CD8+ and CD4+ cells, and in the more severe disease, with the presence of lymphoid follicles containing B lymphocytes and T cells. Furthermore, viral and bacterial infections interfere with the chronic inflammation seen in stable COPD and exacerbations via pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Finally, autoimmunity is another novel aspect that may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of COPD. This review is un update of the currently discussed roles of inflammatory and immune responses in the pathogenesis of COPD.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

10.1164/rccm.200703-456SO

10.1016/j.ccm.2007.06.008

10.1513/pats.200904-016DS

10.1183/09031936.05.00102805

10.1183/09031936.05.00086804

10.1183/09031936.00018908

10.1513/pats.200708-126ET

10.1172/JCI31811

10.1513/pats.200603-054MS

2008, Journal of Immunology, 181, 8036, 10.4049/jimmunol.181.11.8036

10.1164/rccm.200910-1485OC

10.1164/rccm.200410-1332OC

10.1038/nm1583

2003, The European Respiratory Journal, 22, 672, 10.1183/09031936.03.00040703

10.1136/thx.2003.012146

2013, The European Respiratory Journal, 41, 1058

10.1136/thorax.57.5.405

1996, Thorax, 51, 267, 10.1136/thx.51.3.267

10.1136/thorax.57.7.590

1994, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 149, 803, 10.1164/ajrccm.149.3.7509705

1999, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 160, S29

1995, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 152, 1666, 10.1164/ajrccm.152.5.7582312

1998, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 158, 1277, 10.1164/ajrccm.158.4.9802078

10.1084/jem.192.6.789

2002, The American Journal of Physiology—Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 283, L867, 10.1152/ajplung.00020.2002

10.1183/09031936.02.00272002

10.1136/thorax.58.4.348

10.1164/rccm.2107139

10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.03.007

2008, Israel Medical Association Journal, 10, 837

10.1038/nature09663

10.1016/j.chom.2008.05.003

10.1164/rccm.200909-1427SO

2006, Journal of Immunology, 177, 3507, 10.4049/jimmunol.177.6.3507

10.1159/000095462

2008, Journal of Immunology, 180, 1169, 10.4049/jimmunol.180.2.1169

2013, Respiratory Research, 1

1994, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 269, 15195, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)36591-2

2007, Journal of Immunology, 179, 1913, 10.4049/jimmunol.179.3.1913

10.1371/journal.pone.0024097

10.1038/nri1997

10.1179/096805106X118771

10.1124/mol.64.4.785

10.1084/jem.185.1.153

10.1097/01.mcp.0000199002.46038.cb

10.1016/j.tips.2009.07.005

10.1164/rccm.200910-1506OC

10.4049/jimmunol.0904042

10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.07.022

10.1164/rccm.200903-0340OC

10.2119/molmed.2010.00173

2013, Medical Representative, 7, 499

2006, Journal of Immunology, 176, 12, 10.4049/jimmunol.176.1.12

10.1183/09031936.00022011

10.1111/j.1365-2362.2011.02598.x

10.1038/nm1008-1024

10.1165/rcmb.2008-0038OC

2007, Journal of Immunology, 178, 1948, 10.4049/jimmunol.178.3.1948

2002, Laboratory Investigation, 82, 79, 10.1038/labinvest.3780397

2010, Proceedings of the British Pharmacological Socitey, 8, 149

2010, Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, 73, 86

10.1016/j.jaci.2010.02.035

10.1165/rcmb.2004-0309OC

10.1371/journal.pone.0028457

2012, Respiratory Research, 13

10.1183/09031936.00158110

10.1007/s00408-007-9000-7

10.1183/09031936.00019207

10.1016/j.rmed.2009.01.011

10.1016/j.rmed.2009.05.023

2012, COPD, 9, 375, 10.3109/15412555.2012.670330

2012, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 185, 1205, 10.1164/rccm.201108-1545OC

2013, International Journal of Immunogenetics, 40, 204, 10.1111/iji.12014

2013, The American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology, 48, 725, 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0173OC

10.1164/rccm.200603-316OC

10.1056/NEJMra0804752

1998, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 157, 822, 10.1164/ajrccm.157.3.9709027

10.1056/NEJMoa032158

10.1378/chest.13-0367

2013, Respirology, 18, 688, 10.1111/resp.12069

2013, Respiratory Research, 14

10.1186/1465-9921-11-76

10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03965.x

10.1371/journal.pmed.0010008

10.1056/NEJMra0707449

10.1038/ni1572

10.1183/09031936.00150208

10.1164/rccm.200504-594OC

2013, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 187, 1194, 10.1164/rccm.201208-1543OC

2011, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 183, 1025, 10.1164/rccm.201001-0029OC

10.1164/rccm.200904-0545OC

10.1183/09031936.00033710

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200690

10.1136/thx.2009.134171

10.1056/NEJMra0800353

2005, Archives of Internal Medicine, 165, 891, 10.1001/archinte.165.8.891

10.1038/nature06245

10.1164/rccm.201104-0655OC

2012, PLoS One, 7

2012, The American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 185, 1073, 10.1164/rccm.201111-2075OC

2012, PLoS One, 7

10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-201183

2011, PLoS One, 6

10.1586/ers.11.76

10.1164/rccm.201006-0833OC

10.1038/nature09782

10.1164/rccm.200701-014OC

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Mediators of Inflammation

Tập 2013

1-9

Thông tin tác giả