Sự bao gồm trẻ sơ sinh và trẻ nhỏ: Góc nhìn từ các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ

Grace E. Sawyer1, Mariyam Y. Sheikh1, Jessica K. Hardy1
1University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, USA

Tóm tắt

Trẻ sơ sinh, trẻ nhỏ và trẻ hai tuổi có khuyết tật hoặc chậm phát triển thường tham gia vào các cơ sở trông trẻ. Cũng như các môi trường chăm sóc và giáo dục khác, dịch vụ trông trẻ cho trẻ nhỏ nên cung cấp sự bao gồm chất lượng cao. Đến nay, có rất ít nghiên cứu được tiến hành về quan điểm của người thực hành về sự bao gồm trong dịch vụ trông trẻ cho trẻ nhỏ, và không có nghiên cứu nào khám phá việc sử dụng các thực hành bao gồm của những người cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ để bao gồm trẻ nhỏ có khuyết tật. Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là khám phá nhận thức của các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ về vai trò và các thực hành được sử dụng để thúc đẩy sự bao gồm. Chúng tôi đã sử dụng phương pháp định tính, phỏng vấn các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ ở một cộng đồng tại miền trung Tây về những trải nghiệm của họ liên quan đến sự bao gồm. Chúng tôi nhận thấy rằng các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ trong nghiên cứu này cho rằng sự bao gồm liên quan đến sự gần gũi giữa trẻ em có và không có khuyết tật, giáo viên sử dụng các thực hành cá nhân hóa, và sự hợp tác giữa người lớn (ví dụ: gia đình, đồng nghiệp, ban quản lý). Một số người tham gia cho rằng sự công bằng là quan trọng cho sự bao gồm, trong khi những người khác nhấn mạnh sự cần thiết của sự bình đẳng. Những người tham gia cũng cho rằng các thực hành bao gồm nên hỗ trợ danh tính của trẻ em, chẳng hạn như thông qua việc dạy trẻ về khuyết tật hoặc văn hóa. Những quan điểm này thường phù hợp với các nguyên lý của sự bao gồm trẻ nhỏ (tiếp cận, tham gia, hỗ trợ). Các hàm ý bao gồm việc hỗ trợ các nhà cung cấp dịch vụ trông trẻ trong việc phát triển những quan điểm chung về sự bao gồm để hỗ trợ tất cả trẻ em trong công việc của họ.

Từ khóa

#bao gồm #trẻ sơ sinh #trẻ nhỏ #khuyết tật #phát triển chậm

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