Mô Hình OCV Cải Tiến Của Ắc Quy Li-Ion NMC Để Dự Đo SOC Trực Tuyến Sử Dụng Bộ Lọc Kalman Mở Rộng
Tóm tắt
Mô hình hóa chính xác mối quan hệ phi tuyến giữa điện áp mạch hở (OCV) và trạng thái sạc (SOC) là cần thiết cho việc ước lượng SOC thích ứng trong quá trình vận hành của ắc quy lithium-ion (Li-ion). Việc ước lượng SOC trực tuyến cần phải đáp ứng vài ràng buộc, chẳng hạn như chi phí tính toán, số lượng tham số, cũng như độ chính xác của mô hình. Trong bài báo này, những thách thức đó được xem xét bằng cách đề xuất một mô hình OCV cải tiến, đơn giản và chính xác cho ắc quy Li-ion nickel mangan cobalt (NMC), dựa trên phương pháp đặc trưng phân tích thực nghiệm. Thực tế, mô hình này bao gồm các hàm động học ngoại tích và các hàm bậc hai đơn giản chỉ chứa năm tham số, mô hình được đề xuất theo sát đường cong thực nghiệm với sai số khớp nhỏ chỉ 1 mV. Mô hình cũng có hiệu lực trong khoảng nhiệt độ rộng và tính đến hiện tượng trễ điện áp của OCV. Sử dụng mô hình này trong ước lượng SOC bằng bộ lọc Kalman mở rộng (EKF) giúp giảm thiểu thời gian thực thi và giảm sai số ước lượng SOC xuống chỉ còn 3% so với các mô hình hiện có, nơi mà sai số ước lượng khoảng 5%. Các thí nghiệm cũng được thực hiện để chứng minh rằng mô hình OCV được đề xuất kết hợp trong bộ ước lượng EKF thể hiện độ tin cậy và chính xác tốt dưới các đặc điểm tải và nhiệt độ khác nhau.
Từ khóa
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