Implementing Banking Time with Teachers and Preschoolers Displaying Disruptive Behaviors: Links Between Consultant-Teacher Relationship Quality, Implementation Fidelity and Dosage, and Dyadic Teacher–Child Interactions
Tóm tắt
Teacher consultation is commonly used to ensure that classroom-based interventions are implemented with fidelity to achieve targeted outcomes, yet the consultation process is not well understood. Consultant-teacher relationship quality is one feature of consultation that may promote intervention outcomes—both directly and indirectly via teachers’ implementation. The current study used mediation models to examine the direct links between consultant-teacher relationship quality, assessed from the perspective of the consultant and teacher, and observed dyadic teacher–child interactions, as well as the indirect effect through teachers’ implementation fidelity and dosage. Implementation data come from the Banking Time intervention (N = 168 children, 57 teachers), a dyadic teacher–child intervention that targets the quality of interactions between teachers and preschoolers perceived to display disruptive behavior. Consultants (N = 4) worked with teachers to support their implementation of specific Banking Time practices. Findings supported a direct link between consultant-reported relationship quality and teachers’ observed interactions with children; however, no evidence for an indirect effect was found. Consultant-reported relationship quality predicted implementation dosage but not fidelity. Across findings, consultant-reported relationship quality emerged as a stronger predictor of outcomes than teacher-reported relationship quality. Results have implications for school-based interventions that employ teacher consultation to support teachers.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Alamos, P., Williford, A. P., & LoCasale-Crouch, J. (2018). Understanding Banking Time implementation in a sample of preschool children who display early disruptive behaviors. School Mental Health, 10, 437–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-018-9260-9
Artman-Meeker, K., Fettig, A., Barton, E. E., Penney, A., & Zeng, S. (2015). Applying an evidence-based framework to the early childhood coaching literature. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 35(3), 183–196. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271121415595550
Blair, C., & Raver, C. C. (2012). Child development in the context of adversity: Experiential canalization of brain and behavior. American Psychologist, 67(4), 309–318. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0027493
Bradshaw, C. P., Pas, E. T., Domitrovich, C. E., Reinke, W. M., Herman, K., & Poduska, J. M. (2009a). Measure of coach and teacher alliance-teacher report. Unpublished Measure.
Bradshaw, C. P., Pas, E. T., Domitrovich, C. E., Reinke, W. M., Herman, K., & Poduska, J. M. (2009b). Measure of Coach and Teacher Alliance-Coach Report. Unpublished Measure.
Buettner, C. K., Jeon, L., Hur, E., & Garcia, R. E. (2016). Teachers’ social-emotional capacity: Factors associated with teachers’ responsiveness and professional commitment. Early Education and Development, 27(7), 1018–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2016.1168227
Cappella, E., Jackson, D. R., Kim, H. Y., Bilal, C., Holland, S., & Atkins, M. S. (2016). Implementation of teacher consultation and coaching in urban schools: A mixed method study. School Mental Health, 8(2), 222–237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-015-9165-9
Cappella, E., Reinke, W. M., & Hoagwood, K. E. (2011). Advancing intervention research in school psychology: Finding a balance between process and outcome for social and behavioral interventions. School Psychology Review, 40(4), 455–464.
Chu, M. (2014). Developing mentoring and coaching relationships in early care and education: A reflective approach (1st ed.). Pearson.
Davis, A. E., Barrueco, S., & Perry, D. F. (2021). The role of consultative alliance in infant and early childhood mental health consultation: Child, teacher, and classroom outcomes. Infant Mental Health Journal, 42, 246–262. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21889
Domitrovich, C. E., Bradshaw, C. P., Poduska, J. M., Hoagwood, K., Buckley, J. A., Olin, S., Romanelli, L. H., Leaf, P. J., Greenberg, M. T., & Ialongo, N. S. (2008). Maximizing the implementation quality of evidence-based preventive interventions in schools: A conceptual framework. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 1(3), 6–28. https://doi.org/10.1080/1754730X.2008.9715730
Domitrovich, C. E., Gest, S. D., Gill, S., Jones, D., & Sanford DeRousie, R. (2009). Individual factors associated with professional development training outcomes of the head start REDI program. Early Education and Development, 20(3), 402–430. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409280802680854
Domitrovich, C. E., Gest, S. D., Jones, D., Gill, S., & Sanford DeRousie, R. M. (2010). Implementation quality: Lessons learned in the context of the Head Start REDI trial. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(3), 284–298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2010.04.001
Domitrovich, C. E., Pas, E. T., Bradshaw, C. P., Becker, K. D., Keperling, J. P., Embry, D. D., & Ialongo, N. (2015). Individual and school organizational factors that influence implementation of the PAX good behavior game intervention. Prevention Science, 16, 1064–1074. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-015-0557-8
Doumen, S., Verschueren, K., Buyse, E., Germeijs, V., Luyckx, K., & Soenens, B. (2008). Reciprocal relations between teacher-child conflict and aggressive behavior in kindergarten: A three-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37(3), 588–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374410802148079
Downer, J. T., Booren, L. M., Lima, O. K., Luckner, A. E., & Pianta, R. C. (2010). The Individualized Classroom Assessment Scoring System (inCLASS): Preliminary reliability and validity of a system for observing preschoolers’ competence in classroom interactions. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2009.08.004.
Driscoll, K. C., & Pianta, R. C. (2010). Banking time in head start: Early efficacy of an intervention designed to promote supportive teacher-child relationships. Early Education & Development, 21, 38–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409280802657449
Driscoll, K. C., Wang, L., Mashburn, A. J., & Pianta, R. C. (2011). Fostering supportive teacher-child relationships Intervention implementation in a state-funded preschool program. Early Education & Development, 22, 593–619. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2010.502015
Dunst, C. J., Trivette, C. M., & Raab, M. (2013). An implementation science framework for conceptualizing and operationalizing fidelity in early childhood intervention studies. Journal of Early Intervention, 35(2), 85–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1053815113502235
DuPaul, G. J., Power, T. J., Anastopoulos, A. D., & Reid, R. (1998). ADHD Rating Scale—IV: Checklists, norms, and clinical interpretation. Guilford.
Durlak, J. A., & DuPre, E. P. (2008). Implementation matters: A review of research on the influence of implementation on program outcomes and the factors affecting implementation. American Journal of Community Psychology, 41, 327–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-008-9165-0
Enders, C. K. (2001). The performance of the full information maximum likelihood estimator in multiple regression models with missing data. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 61(5), 713–740. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164401615001
Fixsen, D. L., Naoom, S. F., Blase, K. A., Friedman, R. M., & Wallace, F. (2005). Implementation research: A synthesis of the literature. University of South Florida, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, the National Implementation Research Network (FMHI Publication #231).
Flückiger, C., Del Re, A. C., Wampold, B. E., & Horvath, A. O. (2018). The alliance in adult psychotherapy: A meta-analytic synthesis. Psychotherapy, 55(4), 316–340. https://doi.org/10.1037/pst0000172
Hamre, B. K., Pianta, R. C., Mashburn, A. J., & Downer, J. T. (2012). Promoting young children’s social competence through the Preschool PATHS curriculum and MyTeachingPartner professional development resources. Early Education & Development, 23, 809–832. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2011.607360
Han, S. S., & Weiss, B. (2005). Sustainability of teacher implementation of school-based mental health programs. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 33(6), 665–679. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-005-7646-2
Hatfield, B. E., & Williford, A. P. (2017). Cortisol patterns for young children displaying disruptive behavior: Links to a teacher-child, relationship-focused intervention. Prevention Science, 18, 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-016-0693-9
Hommersen, P., Murray, C., Ohan, J. L., & Johnston, C. (2006). Oppositional defiant disorder rating scale preliminary evidence of reliability and validity. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 14, 118–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/10634266060140020201
Jeon, L., Buettner, C. K., & Grant, A. A. (2018). Early childhood teachers’ psychological well-being: Exploring potential predictors of depression, stress, and emotional exhaustion. Early Education & Development, 29(1), 53–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2017.1341806
Johnson, S. R., Pas, E. T., & Bradshaw, C. P. (2016). Understanding and measuring coach-teacher alliance: A glimpse inside the ‘black box.’ Prevention Science, 17(4), 439–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-016-0633-8
Johnson, S. R., Pas, E. T., Bradshaw, C. P., & Ialongo, N. S. (2018). Promoting teachers’ implementation of classroom-based prevention programming through coaching: The mediating role of the coach-teacher relationship. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 45, 404–416. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-017-0832-z
Kwon, K.-A., Ford, T. G., Salvatore, A. L., Randall, K., Jeon, L., Malek-Lasater, A., Ellis, N., Kile, M. S., Horm, D. M., Kim, S. G., & Han, M. (2020). Neglected elements of a high-quality early childhood workforce: Whole teacher well-being and working conditions. Early Childhood Education Journal. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-020-01124-7
Lee, J., Frey, A. J., Herman, K., & Reinke, W. (2014). Motivational interviewing as a framework to guide school-based coaching. Advances in School Mental Health Promotion, 7, 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/1754730X.2014.949515
LoCasale-Crouch, J., Williford, A., Whittaker, J., DeCoster, J., & Alamos, P. (2018). Does fidelity of implementation account for changes in teacher-child interactions in a randomized controlled trial of Banking Time? Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 11, 35–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/19345747.2017.1329365
MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to statistical mediation analysis. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Marti, M., Melvin, S., Noble, K. G., & Duch, H. (2018). Intervention fidelity of getting ready for school: Associations with classroom and teacher characteristics and preschooler’s school readiness skills. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 44, 55–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2018.02.010
Mattera, S. K., Lloyd, C. M., Fishman, M., & Bangser, M. (2013). A first look at the Head Start CARES demonstration: Large-scale implementation of programs to improve children's social-emotional competence. (OPRE Report 2013–47). U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Planning, Research and Evaluation.
McGoey, K. E., DuPaul, G. J., Haley, E., & Shelton, T. L. (2007). Parent and teacher ratings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in preschool: The ADHD rating scale-IV preschool version. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 29, 269–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-007-9048-y
Muthén, L., & Muthén, B. (2012–2020). Mplus (Version 8.5). Muthén & Muthén.
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2017). Mplus user’s guide: Eighth edition. Muthén & Muthén.
Muthén, B. O., Muthén, L. K., & Asparaouhov, T. (2016). Regression and mediation analysis using Mplus. Muthén & Muthén.
Nadeem, E., Gleacher, A., & Beidas, R. S. (2013). Consultation as an implementation strategy for evidence-based practices across multiple contexts: Unpacking the black box. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 40(6), 439–450. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-013-0502-8
Pas, E., Bradshaw, C., & Cash, A. (2014). Coaching classroom-based preventive interventions. In M. Weist, N. Lever, C. Bradshaw, & J. Owens (Eds.), Handbook of school mental health (2nd ed., pp. 255–267). Springer.
Pianta, R. C. (1999). Enhancing relationships between children and teachers. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/10314-000
Pianta, R. C., & Hamre, B. K. (2001). Students, teachers, and relationship support (STARS). Psychological Assessment Resources.
Powell, D. R., & Diamond, K. E. (2013). Studying the implementation of coaching-based professional development. In T. Halle, A. Metz, & I. Martinez-Beck (Eds.), Applying implementation science to early childhood programs and systems (pp. 97–116). Brookes.
Raver, C. C., Blair, C., & Li-Grining, C. (2012). Extending models of emotional self-regulation to classroom settings: Implications for professional development. In C. Howes, B. K. Hamre, & R. C. Pianta (Eds.), Effective early childhood professional development: Improving teacher practice and child outcomes (pp. 113–130). NewYork: Brookes.
Raver, C. C., Jones, S. M., Li-Grining, C., Zhai, F., Metzger, M. W., & Solomon, B. (2009). Targeting children’s behavior problems in preschool classrooms: A cluster-randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(2), 302–316. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015302
Reinke, W. M., Stormont, M., Herman, K. C., & Newcomer, L. (2014). Using coaching to support teacher implementation of classroom-based interventions. Journal of Behavioral Education, 23, 150–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10864-013-9186-0
Sabol, T. J., Bohlman, N. L., & Downer, J. T. (2018). Low-income ethnically diverse children’s engagement as a predictor of school readiness above preschool classroom quality. Child Development, 89(2), 556–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12832
Sheridan, S. M., Edwards, C. P., Marvin, C. A., & Knoche, L. L. (2009). Professional development in early childhood programs: Process issues and research needs. Early Education and Development, 20(3), 377–401. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409280802582795
Snyder, P. A., Hemmeter, M. L., & Fox, L. (2015). Supporting implementation of evidence-based practices through practice-based coaching. Topics in Early Childhood Special Education, 35, 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1177/0271121415594925
Spilt, J. L., Koomen, H. M. Y., Thijs, J. T., & van der Leij, A. (2012). Supporting teachers’ relationships with disruptive children: The potential of relationship-focused reflection. Attachment & Human Development, 14(3), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2012.672286
Stormont, M., Reinke, W. M., Newcomer, L., Marchese, D., & Lewis, C. (2015). Coaching teachers’ use of social behavior interventions to improve children’s outcomes: A review of the literature. Journal of Positive Behavioral Interventions, 17(2), 69–82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300714550657
Sutherland, K. S., Conroy, M. A., McLeod, B. D., Algina, J., & Wu, E. (2018). Teacher competence of delivery of BEST in CLASS as a mediator of treatment effects. School Mental Health, 10, 214–225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-017-9224-5
Wehby, J. H., Maggin, D. M., Partin, T. C. M., & Robertson, R. (2012). The impact of working alliance, social validity, and teacher burnout on implementation fidelity of the good behavior game. School Mental Health, 4, 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-011-9067-4
Whittaker, J. E. V., Williford, A. P., Carter, L. M., Vitiello, V. E., & Hatfield, B. E. (2018). Using a standardized task to assess the quality of teacher-child dyadic interactions in preschool. Early Education and Development, 29(2), 266–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2017.1387960
Williford, A. P., Whittaker, J. E. V., Vitiello, V. E., & Downer, J. T. (2013). Children’s engagement within the preschool classroom and their development of self-regulation. Early Education and Development, 24(2), 162–187. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2011.628270
Williford, A. P., Wolcott, C. S., Whittaker, J. V., & LoCasale-Crouch, J. (2015). Program and teacher characteristics predicting the implementation of Banking Time with preschools who display disruptive behavior. Prevention Science, 16, 1054–1063. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-015-0544-0
Williford, A. P., LoCasale-Crouch, J., Whittaker, J. V., DeCoster, J., Hartz, K. A., Carter, L. M., et al. (2017). Changing teacher-child dyadic interactions to improve preschool children’s externalizing behaviors. Child Development, 88, 1544–1553. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12703
