Immunogenicity and predictors of response to a single dose trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in multiple sclerosis patients receiving disease‐modifying therapies

CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - Tập 25 Số 2 - Trang 245-254 - 2019
Christoph Metze1, Alexander Winkelmann1, Micha Löbermann2, Michael Hecker1, Brunhilde Schweiger3, Emil C. Reisinger2, Uwe K. Zettl1
1Department of Neurology, Neuroimmunology Section Rostock University Medical Center Rostock Germany
2Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
3National Reference Centre for Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Robert-Koch-Institut Berlin Germany

Tóm tắt

SummaryAimsTo evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a seasonal influenza vaccine in a cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients receiving different immunomodulating/immunosuppressive therapies and assess predictors of immune response.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, non‐randomized observational study including 108 patients receiving a trivalent seasonal influenza vaccination was conducted. Influenza‐specific antibody titers (H1N1, H3N2, and influenza B) were measured to evaluate rates of seroprotection and seroconversion/significant titer increase. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors of vaccination outcomes.ResultsRegarding the whole cohort, seroprotection rates >70% were achieved for each influenza strain. Interferon‐treated patients reached high seroprotection rates (>84%). Good seroprotection rates were seen in patients treated with glatiramer acetate. In particular for H3N2, response rates were low in natalizumab‐treated patients and in the small subgroup of fingolimod‐treated patients. Patients with a previous disease‐modifying therapy and a longer disease duration were less likely to respond sufficiently. No severe adverse events were reported. MS disease activity was not increased after a one‐year follow‐up period.ConclusionVaccination led to good immunogenicity, especially in MS patients treated with interferons and glatiramer acetate. At least for the H1N1 strain, rates of seroprotection and seroconversion/significant titer increase were high (>70% and >60%, respectively) for all therapeutic subgroups. Patients with a longer duration of the disease are exposed to an increased risk of insufficient immune response to vaccination.

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CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics

Tập 25 Số 2

245-254

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