Danh tính Quan trọng: Nhiều Động Vật Gặm Nhấm Gây Ra Phát Thải Hợp Chất Đưa Ra Khỏi Cà Phê Ít Hấp Dẫn hoặc Có Khả Năng Xua Đuổi Các Kẻ Thù Tự Nhiên Khác Nhau

Journal of Chemical Ecology - Trang 1-14 - 2023
Fernanda Moreira Andrade1, Lara Sales1, Arodí P. Favaris2, José Maurício Simões Bento2, Axel Mithöfer3, Maria Fernanda G. V. Peñaflor1,4
1Department of Entomology, Lavras Federal University, Lavras, Brazil
2‘Luiz de Queiroz’ College of Agriculture, Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
3Research Group Plant Defense Physiology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
4Laboratory of Chemical Ecology of Insect-Plant Interaction, Department of Entomology, Lavras Federal University, Lavras, Brazil

Tóm tắt

Sự đồng nhiễm của các động vật gặm nhấm, một tình huống phổ biến trong các môi trường tự nhiên, có thể ảnh hưởng rõ rệt đến sự phòng vệ của thực vật so với tình trạng nhiễm đơn. Các tương tác tritrophic liên quan có thể bị ảnh hưởng thông qua việc phát thải các hỗn hợp biến đổi của các hợp chất bay hơi do động vật gặm nhấm (HIPVs) inducible. Trong một nghiên cứu trước đây, chúng tôi đã quan sát thấy rằng sự nhiễm của nhện đỏ (Oligonychus ilicis) trên cây cà phê đã tạo thuận lợi cho sự nhiễm của sâu bướm trắng (Planococcus minor), trong khi thứ tự nhiễm ngược lại không xảy ra. Ở đây, chúng tôi xem xét sự tham gia của các con đường jasmonate và salicylate trong sự hỗ trợ không đối xứng do cây trồng tạo ra giữa nhện đỏ và sâu bướm trắng, cũng như ảnh hưởng của việc ăn uống nhiều loại lên sự hấp dẫn đối với nhện săn mồi Euseius concordis và bọ rùa Cryptolaemus montrouzieri. Cả hai loại động vật gặm nhấm và sâu bướm đều dẫn đến sự tích lũy của JA-Ile, JA và cis-OPDA trong cây, mặc dù các phản ứng chuyển hóa của JA-Ile được quy định cụ thể bởi từng loại động vật gặm nhấm. Sự nhiễm bởi nhện hoặc sâu bướm đã kích hoạt việc giải phóng các hợp chất bay hơi mới từ cây cà phê, các hợp chất tự chọn của chúng đã thu hút những kẻ săn mồi tương ứng. Mặc dù sự đồng nhiễm giữa nhện và sâu bướm dẫn đến sự tích lũy mạnh mẽ hơn của JA-Ile, JA và SA hơn so với các điều trị nhiễm đơn, sự phát thải hợp chất bay hơi lại giống như cây bị nhiễm nhện hoặc cây bị nhiễm sâu bướm. Tuy nhiên, sự nhiễm nhiều loại có tác động tiêu cực đến sự hấp dẫn của HIPVs đối với các kẻ săn mồi, khiến chúng ít hấp dẫn hơn đối với nhện săn mồi và trở thành chất xua đuổi đối với bọ rùa. Chúng tôi thảo luận về các cơ chế tiềm năng gây nên sự dễ tổn thương do nhện, và ảnh hưởng của sự nhiễm nhiều loại đối với từng kẻ săn mồi.

Từ khóa

#động vật gặm nhấm #hỗ trợ không đối xứng #hợp chất bay hơi #nhện đỏ #sâu bướm trắng #cây cà phê #kẻ săn mồi

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