III. Senescent enteric nervous system: lessons from extraintestinal sites and nonmammalian species

American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - Tập 283 Số 5 - Trang G1020-G1026 - 2002
John Wiley1
1University of Michigan General Clinical Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0108

Tóm tắt

Functional changes in GI motility associated with advanced age include slowing of gastric emptying, decreased peristalsis, and slowing of colonic transit. These changes appear to be associated with region-specific loss of neurons and impaired function. The mechanism(s) underlying physiological aging are likely to be multifactorial. Alterations in specific signal transduction pathways have been reported at the level of the receptor and postreceptor events including kinase expression and function, mitochondrial function, and activation of the apoptosis cascade. Advanced age is associated with increased oxidative stress and its concomitant effects on cellular function. Whereas no specific genes have been causally linked to life span in mammals, studies involving nonmammalian species suggest that specific genes are involved in determining life span and age-related changes in cellular function. Caloric restriction is the only intervention shown to slow aging in a variety of species. Recent studies implicate a possible role for an insulin/IGF-I cascade in the region- and tissue-specific changes associated with physiological aging.

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American Journal of Physiology - Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology

Tập 283 Số 5

G1020-G1026

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