Phân bố kiểu gen HPV trong các tổn thương cổ tử cung mức độ thấp: So sánh theo vùng địa lý và với ung thư cổ tử cung

Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - Tập 14 Số 5 - Trang 1157-1164 - 2005
Gary M. Clifford1, Rashida K. Rana2,3, Silvia Franceschi4, Jennifer S. Smith5, Gerald Gough2,3, Jeanne M. Pimenta2,3
1IARC, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, F-69372 Lyon cedex 08, France. [email protected]
22GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Middlesex, United Kingdom; and
3(GlaxoSmithKline)
41International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;
53University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina

Tóm tắt

Tóm tắt

Các tổn thương biểu mô vảy mức độ thấp (LSIL) liên quan đến một số kiểu gen virus HPV nhất định có thể tiến triển một cách ưu thế thành ung thư cổ tử cung. Việc phân loại kiểu gen HPV có thể cải thiện hiệu quả của các chương trình sàng lọc và giảm thiểu việc điều trị quá mức. Các trường hợp LSIL (n = 8.308) từ 55 nghiên cứu đã được công bố được đưa vào phân tích tổng hợp. Phân bố kiểu gen HPV được đánh giá theo vùng địa lý và so sánh với dữ liệu được công bố về ung thư biểu mô vảy cổ tử cung (SCC). Việc phát hiện HPV trong LSIL là 80% ở Bắc Mỹ nhưng dưới 70% ở những khu vực khác, có thể phản ánh khác biệt khu vực trong chẩn đoán LSIL. Trong số 5.910 LSIL dương tính với HPV, HPV16 là kiểu gen phổ biến nhất (26,3%) tiếp theo là HPV31 (11,5%), HPV51 (10,6%), và HPV53 (10,2%). Các LSIL dương tính với HPV từ châu Phi có khả năng nhiễm HPV16 thấp hơn gấp 2 lần so với các LSIL ở châu Âu, và các LSIL dương tính với HPV từ Bắc Mỹ có khả năng nhiễm HPV18 cao hơn so với các LSIL từ châu Âu hoặc Nam/Central America. Việc giải thích các kiểu gen hiếm hơn bị cản trở bởi sự biến động trong phương pháp thử nghiệm HPV. Các tỷ lệ phổ biến SCC/LSIL cho thấy HPV16 phổ biến gấp 2 lần và HPV18 phổ biến gấp 1.5 lần trong SCC so với LSIL dương tính với HPV, do đó có vẻ như chúng có khả năng tiên tiến hơn so với các kiểu gen nguy cơ cao khác (tỷ lệ phổ biến SCC/LSIL nằm trong khoảng 0,05 và 0,85). HPV53 và HPV66 cho thấy tỷ lệ SCC/LSIL lần lượt là 0,02 và 0,01. Sự phân bố kiểu gen HPV trong LSIL khác với ở ung thư cổ tử cung, nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của kiểu gen HPV trong nguy cơ tiến triển từ LSIL thành ác tính. Một số khác biệt khu vực trong sự quan trọng tương đối của các kiểu gen HPV trong LSIL đã được ghi nhận.

Từ khóa


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