Historical and current distribution ranges and loss of mega-herbivores and carnivores of Asia

PeerJ - Tập 9 - Trang e10738
Tariq Mahmood1,2, Tuong Thuy Vu3,2, Ahimsa Campos‐Arceiz2,4, Faraz Akrim1,5, Shaista Andleeb6, M. Farooq1, Abdul Hamid1, Nadeem Munawar1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1, Hira Fatima1, Muhammad Raza Khan1, Sajid Mahmood7
1Department of Wildlife Management, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan
2School of Geography, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
3Faculty of Engineering and Science, Curtin University Malaysia, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
4Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna, China
5Department of Zoology, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
6School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
7Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Tóm tắt

Ecosystem functioning is dependent a lot on large mammals, which are, however, vulnerable and facing extinction risks due to human impacts mainly. Megafauna of Asia has been declining for a long, not only in numbers but also in their distribution ranges. In the current study, we collected information on past and current occurrence and distribution records of Asia’s megafauna species. We reconstructed the historical distribution ranges of the six herbivores and four carnivores for comparison with their present ranges, to quantify spatially explicit levels of mega-defaunation. Results revealed that historically the selected megafauna species were more widely distributed than at current. Severe range contraction was observed for the Asiatic lion, three rhino species, Asian elephant, tigers, and tapirs. Defaunation maps generated have revealed the vanishing of megafauna from parts of the East, Southeast, and Southwest Asia, even some protected Areas losing up to eight out of ten megafaunal species. These defaunation maps can help develop future conservation policies, to save the remaining distribution ranges of large mammals.

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Tập 9

e10738

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