Hippocampal neurogenesis: Opposing effects of stress and antidepressant treatment
Tóm tắt
The hippocampus is one of several limbic brain structures implicated in the pathophysiology and treatment of mood disorders. Preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate that stress and depression lead to reductions of the total volume of this structure and atrophy and loss of neurons in the adult hippocampus. One of the cellular mechanisms that could account for alterations of hippocampal structure as well as function is the regulation of adult neurogenesis. Stress exerts a profound effect on neurogenesis, leading to a rapid and prolonged decrease in the rate of cell proliferation in the adult hippocampus. In contrast, chronic antidepressant treatment up‐regulates hippocampal neurogenesis, and could thereby block or reverse the atrophy and damage caused by stress. Recent studies also demonstrate that neurogenesis is required for the actions of antidepressants in behavioral models of depression. This review discusses the literature that has lead to a neurogenic hypothesis of depression and antidepressant action, as well as the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie the regulation of adult neurogenesis by stress and antidepressant treatment. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Từ khóa
Tài liệu tham khảo
Gould E, 1997, Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult tree shrew is regulated by psychosocial stress and NMDA receptor activation, J Neurosci, 17, 2492, 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-07-02492.1997
Hirayasu Y, 1999, Subgenual cingulate cortex volumein first‐episode pstchosis, Am J Psychiatry, 156, 1091, 10.1176/ajp.156.7.1091
Holsboer F, 1996, Antidepressants and hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenocortical regulation, Endocr Rev, 17, 187, 10.1210/edrv-17-2-187
Koo J, 2005, Role of interleukin‐1B in hippocampal cell proliferation impaired by acute stress, Abstr Soc Neurosci
Lee S, 2000, PCREB immunoreactivity in the rat hippocampus following estrogen treatment: in vivo and in vitro studies, Abstr Soc Neurosci, 26, 922.
Solberg L, 1999, Circadian rhythms and depression: effects of exercise in an animal model, Am J Physiol Endocrinol, 276, R152
van Praag H, 1999, Running enhances neurogenesis, learning, and long‐term potentiation in mice, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 96, 13427, 10.1073/pnas.96.23.13427
Warner JL, 2005, Vascular endothelial growth factor mediates antidepressant‐induced neurogenesis, Abstr Soc Neurosci