High plasma neopterin levels in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorders

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience - Tập 41 - Trang 92-97 - 2015
Hong-xiang Zhao1, Sha-sha Yin1, Jin-gang Fan1
1Department of Pediatric Internal Medicine, Linyi People’s Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, PR China

Tóm tắt

AbstractBackground

Neopterin, a pteridine mainly synthesized by activated macrophages, is a marker of inflammation, immune system activation and an active participant in Autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The aim of this study was to assess the clinical significance of plasma neopterin levels in ASD.

Methods

Eighty patients diagnosed with ASD and 80 sex and age matched typically developing children were assessed for plasma levels of neopterin at admission. Plasma neopterin levels were measured using a human ELISA kit and severity of ASD were evaluated with the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) score.

Results

We found that the mean plasma neopterin level was significantly (P < 0.0001) higher in children with ASD as compared to controls. Plasma neopterin increased with increasing severity of ASD as defined by the CARS score. Based on the ROC curve, the optimal cutoff value of plasma neopterin level as an indicator for auxiliary diagnosis of ASD was projected to be 8.5 nmol/L, which yielded a sensitivity of 84.2% and a specificity of 80.1%, with the area under the curve at 0.876 (95% CI, 0.825–0.928). Elevated neopterin (≥8.5 nmol/L) was an independent diagnosis indicator of ASD with an adjusted OR of 12.11 (95% CI: 5.48–28.11; P < 0.0001).

Conclusions

These results indicated that autistic children had higher plasma levels of neopterin, and elevated plasma neopterin levels may be associated with severity of ASD among Chinese children.


Tài liệu tham khảo

APA, 2000, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 10.1038/nrg2346 Avanzas P., 2005, Elevated serum neopterin predicts future adverse cardiac events in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris, Eur. Heart J., 26, 457, 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi111 Ashwood P., 2006, The immune response in autism: a new frontier for autism research, J. Leukocyte Biol., 80, 1, 10.1189/jlb.1205707 Blumberg S.J., 2013, Changes in prevalence of parent‐reported autism spectrum disorder in school‐aged US children: 2007 to 2011–2012, Nat. Health Statis. Rep., 65, 1 10.1046/j.1365-2710.2001.00358.x Bodur S., 2014, Serum neopterin levels in patients with autism, Int. J. Dev. Disabil., 60, 109, 10.1179/2047387713Y.0000000029 Croonenberghs J., 2002, Activation of the inflammatory response system in autism, Neuropsychobiology, 45, 1, 10.1159/000048665 10.1159/000048665 Chlebowski C., 2010, Using the childhood autism rating scale to diagnose autism spectrum disorders, J. Autism Dev. Disorders, 40, 787, 10.1007/s10803-009-0926-x Coppus A.M.W., 2009, Neopterin and the risk of dementia in persons with Down syndrome, Neurosci. Lett., 458, 60, 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.04.020 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0730-12.2012 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5818-10.2011 Chauhan A., 2006, Oxidative stress in autism, Pathophysiology, 13, 171, 10.1016/j.pathophys.2006.05.007 Capuron L., 2014, Activated immune system and inflammation in healthy ageing: relevance for tryptophan and neopterin metabolism, Curr. Pharm. Des., 20, 6048, 10.2174/1381612820666140317110217 10.1016/j.mcn.2012.10.003 10.1007/BF02276236 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3567-08.2009 10.1007/BF01058157 M.Eisenhut.Neopterin in diagnosis and monitoring of infectious diseases.J. Biomarkers.2013 Article ID619609 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.04.060 Gong Z.L., 2014, Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D levels in Chinese children with autism spectrum disorders, Neuroreport, 25, 23, 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000034 Harrison D.G., 2011, Inflammation, immunity, and hypertension, J. Hypertens., 57, 132, 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.110.163576 10.1016/S0165-5728(01)00421-0 Murr C., 2002, Neopterin as a marker for immune system activation, Curr. Drug Metab., 3, 175, 10.2174/1389200024605082 Murray P.J., 2011, Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets, Nat. Rev. Immunol., 11, 723, 10.1038/nri3073 Onore C., 2012, The role of immune dysfunction in the pathophysiology of autism, Brain Behav. Immun., 26, 383, 10.1016/j.bbi.2011.08.007 Sweeten T.L., 2003, High blood monocyte counts and neopterin levels in children with autistic disorder, Am. J. Psychiatry, 160, 1691, 10.1176/appi.ajp.160.9.1691 T.C.Theoharides K.D.Alysandratos A.Angelidou D.A.Delivanis N.Sismanopoulos B.Zhang S.Asadi M.Vasiadi Z.Weng A.Miniati D.Kalogeromitros.Mast cells and inflammation.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta.2012;33 Theoharides T.C., 2013, Focal brain inflammation and autism, J. Neuroinflam., 10, 46, 10.1186/1742-2094-10-46 Versen‐Hoeynck F.M., 2009, Plasma levels of inflammatory markers neopterin, sialic acid, and C‐reactive protein in pregnancy and preeclampsia, Am. J. Hypertens., 22, 687, 10.1038/ajh.2009.54 Vargas D.L., 2005, Neuroglial activation and neuroinflammation in the brain of patients with autism, Annl. Neurol., 57, 67, 10.1002/ana.20315 Zimmerman A.W., 2005, Cerebrospinal fluid and serum markers of inflammation in autism, Pediatric Neurol., 33, 195, 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2005.03.014 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.06.013 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2014.11.007
Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience

Tập 41

92-97

Thông tin tác giả