High cell densities favor lysogeny: induction of an H20 prophage is repressed by quorum sensing and enhances biofilm formation in Vibrio anguillarum

ISME Journal - Tập 14 Số 7 - Trang 1731-1742 - 2020
Demeng Tan1,2,3, Mads Frederik Hansen2,4, Luís Nunes de Carvalho2, Henriette Lyng Røder2, Mette Burmølle2, Mathias Middelboe2, Sine Lo Svenningsen2
1Dalian SEM Bio-Engineering Technology Co. Ltd., Dalian, China
2Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
3Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
4Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany

Tóm tắt

Abstract Temperate ϕH20-like phages are repeatedly identified at geographically distinct areas as free phage particles or as prophages of the fish pathogen Vibrio anguillarum. We studied mutants of a lysogenic isolate of V. anguillarum locked in the quorum-sensing regulatory modes of low (ΔvanT) and high (ΔvanO) cell densities by in-frame deletion of key regulators of the quorum-sensing pathway. Remarkably, we find that induction of the H20-like prophage is controlled by the quorum-sensing state of the host, with an eightfold increase in phage particles per cell in high-cell-density cultures of the quorum-sensing-deficient ΔvanT mutant. Comparative studies with prophage-free strains show that biofilm formation is promoted at low cell density and that the H20-like prophage stimulates this behavior. In contrast, the high-cell-density state is associated with reduced prophage induction, increased proteolytic activity, and repression of biofilm. The proteolytic activity may dually function to disperse the biofilm and as a quorum-sensing-mediated antiphage strategy. We demonstrate an intertwined regulation of phage-host interactions and biofilm formation, which is orchestrated by host quorum-sensing signaling, suggesting that increased lysogeny at high cell density is not solely a strategy for phages to piggy-back the successful bacterial hosts but is also a host strategy evolved to take control of the lysis-lysogeny switch to promote host fitness.

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ISME Journal

Tập 14 Số 7

1731-1742

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