Guía de práctica clínica sobre el manejo del paciente con dispepsia. Actualización 2012

2007

Marzo Castillejo, 2007, El sistema GRADE para la toma de decisiones clínicas y la elaboración de recomendaciones y guías de práctica clínica, Aten Primaria, 39, 457, 10.1157/13109491

Gisbert, 2008, [How can we find, design, evaluate and use clinical practice guidelines?.], Gastroenterol Hepatol, 31, 239, 10.1157/13117903

Guyatt, 2008, Rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations, BMJ, 336, 924, 10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.AD

Guyatt, 2008, Rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations: What is “quality of evidence” and why is it important to clinicians?, BMJ, 336, 995, 10.1136/bmj.39490.551019.BE

Schünemann, 2008, Grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations for diagnostic tests and strategies, BMJ, 336, 1106, 10.1136/bmj.39500.677199.AE

Guyatt, 2008, Rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations: Incorporating considerations of resources use into grading recommendations, BMJ, 336, 1170, 10.1136/bmj.39504.506319.80

Guyatt, 2008, Rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations: Going from evidence to recommendations, BMJ, 336, 1049, 10.1136/bmj.39493.646875.AE

Talley, 2009, Whither dyspepsia?. A historical perspective of functional dyspepsia, and concepts of pathogenesis and therapy in 2009, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 24, S20, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2009.06067.x

2007

2005, Medical Position Statement: Evaluation of Dyspepsia, Gastroenterology, 129, 1753, 10.1053/j.gastro.2005.09.019

Veldhuyzen van Zanten, 2005, Evidence-based recommendations for short and long term management of uninvestigated dyspepsia in primary care: an update of the Canadian Dyspepsia Working Group (CanDys) clinical management tool, Can J Gastroenterol, 19, 285, 10.1155/2005/674607

Dyspepsia – Management of Dyspepsia in Adults in Primary Care – Full Guidelines CG17 2004. London: NICE. Available: http://www.nice.org.uk/page.aspx?o=218381. Accessed 10 noviembre de 2010.

Colin-Jones, 1988, Management of dyspepsia: Report of a working party, Lancet, 1, 576

van Kerkhoven, 2009, Functional dyspepsia: not all roads seem to lead to Rome, J Clin Gastroenterol, 43, 118, 10.1097/MCG.0b013e31815591f7

El-Serag, 2004, Systemic review: the prevalence and clinical course of functional dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 19, 643, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01897.x

Mahadeva, 2006, Epidemiology of functional dyspepsia: a global perspective, World J Gastroenterol, 12, 2661, 10.3748/wjg.v12.i17.2661

Caballero Plasencia, 1994, La prevalencia de la dispepsia en España, Med Clin (Barc), 103, 717

Talley, 1998, AGA technical review: evaluation of dyspepsia. American Gastroenterological Association, Gastroenterology, 114, 582, 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70542-6

Fisher, 1998, Management of non ulcer dyspepsia, N Engl J Med, 339, 1376, 10.1056/NEJM199811053391907

Ford, 2010, What is the prevalence of clinically significant endoscopic findings in subjects with dyspepsia? Systematic review and meta-analysis, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 8, 830, 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.05.031

Barenys, 2003, [Prospective validation of a clinical scoring system for the diagnosis of organic dyspepsia], Med Clin (Barc), 121, 766, 10.1016/S0025-7753(03)74093-7

Talley, 2002, Dyspepsia: management guidelines for the millennium, Gut, 50, 72

Hungin, 2009, Systematic review: frequency and reasons for consultation for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 30, 331, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.04047.x

Turabian, 1996, Variaciones en la frecuencia de las enfermedades crónicas y los factores de riesgo en atención primaria: 1985-1995, Aten Primaria, 18, 65

Brook, 2010, Functional dyspepsia impacts absenteeism and direct and indirect costs, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 8, 498, 10.1016/j.cgh.2010.03.003

Mimidis, 2008, Pathogenesis of dyspepsia, Dig Dis, 26, 194, 10.1159/000121346

Tielemans, 2010, Identification of NSAID users at risk for gastrointestinal complications: a systematic review of current guidelines and consensus agreements, Drug Saf, 33, 443, 10.2165/11534590-000000000-00000

Furuta, 2009, Helicobacter pylori and non-malignant diseases, Helicobacter, 14, 29, 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00697.x

McColl, 2010, Clinical practice. Helicobacter pylori infection, N Engl J Med, 362, 1597, 10.1056/NEJMcp1001110

Priebe, 1982, Is epigastric tenderness a sign of peptic ulcer disease?, Gastroenterology, 82, 16, 10.1016/0016-5085(82)90116-0

Numans, 1994, How much ulcer is ulcer-like? Diagnostic determinants of peptic ulcer in open access gastroscopy, Fam Pract, 11, 382, 10.1093/fampra/11.4.382

Barenys, 2000, Scoring system has better discriminative value than Helicobacter pylori testing in patients with dyspepsia in a setting with high prevalence of infection, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 12, 1275, 10.1097/00042737-200012120-00003

Johannessen, 1990, The predictive value of history in dyspepsia, Scand J Gastroenterol, 25, 689, 10.3109/00365529008997594

Bytzer, 1996, Predicting endoscopic diagnosis in the dyspeptic patient: the value of clinical judgement, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 8, 359, 10.1097/00042737-199604000-00014

Hansen, 1998, Management of dyspeptic patients in primary care. Value of the unaided clinical diagnosis and of dyspepsia subgrouping, Scand J Gastroenterol, 33, 799, 10.1080/00365529850171431

Heikkinen, 2000, GPs’ ability to diagnose dyspepsia based only on physical examination and patient history, Scand J Prim Health Care, 18, 99, 10.1080/028134300750018981

Moayyedi, 2006, Can the clinical history distinguish between organic and functional dyspepsia?, JAMA, 295, 1566, 10.1001/jama.295.13.1566

2001, Value of the unaided clinical diagnosis in dyspeptic patients in primary care, Am J Gastroenterol, 96, 1417, 10.1016/S0002-9270(01)02338-3

Heading, 1997, Reliability of symptom assessment in dyspepsia, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 9, 779, 10.1097/00042737-199708000-00008

Ponce, 2008, Prevalencia de esofagitis grave en España, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 31, 150

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Health Care Guideline: Dyspepsia. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement, 2002. http://www.icsi.org/guide/Dyspep.pdf

Aymerich M, Baena JM, Boix C, Carrillo R, Madrilejos R, Mascort JJ, et al. Direcció clínica en l’atenció primària. Dispepsia - H. pylori. Guies de pràctica clínica i material docent. (Monografía en Internet) 2005 (citado enero 2011). Disponible en: http://www.gencat. net/ics/professionals/guies/dispepsia/dispepsia.htm

2000, Stomach Pain – Evidence-Based Methods in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dyspepsia, Stockholm

Alberta Clinical Practice Guideline Working Group. Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Undiagnosed Dyspepsia in Adults. The Alberta Clinical Guideline Program, June 2000.

2002

Adang, 1996, The discriminative value of patient characteristics and dyspeptic symptoms for upper gastrointestinal endoscopic findings: a study on the clinical presentation of 1,147 patients, Digestion, 57, 118, 10.1159/000201325

Williams, 1988, Do young patients with dyspepsia need investigation?, Lancet, 2, 1349, 10.1016/S0140-6736(88)90879-3

Christie, 1997, Gastric cancer below the age of 55: implications for screening patients with uncomplicated dyspepsia, Gut, 41, 513, 10.1136/gut.41.4.513

Gillen, 1999, Does concern about missing malignancy justify endoscopy in uncomplicated dyspepsia in patients aged less than 55?, Am J Gastroenterol, 94, 75, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00774.x

Heaney, 1998, A prospective study of the management of the young Helicobacter pylori negative dyspeptic patient−can gastroscopies be saved in clinical practice?, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 10, 953, 10.1097/00042737-199811000-00009

Canga, 2002, Upper GI malignancy, uncomplicated dyspepsia, and the age threshold for early endoscopy, Am J Gastroenterol, 97, 600, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.05536.x

Ofman, 1999, The effectiveness of endoscopy in the management of dyspepsia: a qualitative systematic review, Am J Med, 106, 335, 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00016-9

Hallissey, 1990, Early detection of gastric cancer, BMJ, 301, 513, 10.1136/bmj.301.6751.513

Sue-Ling, 1993, Gastric cancer: a curable disease in Britain, BMJ, 307, 591, 10.1136/bmj.307.6904.591

Madsen, 2000, The value of alarm features in identifying organic causes of dyspepsia, Can J Gastroenterol, 14, 713, 10.1155/2000/783950

Talley, 2005, Guidelines for the Management of Dyspepsia, Am J Gastroenterol, 100, 2324, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00225.x

Breslin, 2000, Gastric cancer and other endoscopic diagnoses in patients with benign dyspepsia, Gut, 46, 93, 10.1136/gut.46.1.93

Martin, 1997, Delays in the diagnosis ofoesophagogastric cancer: a consecutive case series, BMJ, 314, 467, 10.1136/bmj.314.7079.467

Griffin, 1998, Proton pump inhibitors may mask early gastric cancer. Dyspeptic patients over 45 should undergo endoscopy before thesedrugs are started, BMJ, 317, 1606, 10.1136/bmj.317.7173.1606

Suvakovic, 1997, Improving the detection rate of early gastric cancer requires more than open access gastroscopy: a five year study, Gut, 41, 308, 10.1136/gut.41.3.308

Bramble, 2000, Detection of upper gastrointestinal cancer in patients taking antisecretory therapy prior to gastroscopy, Gut, 46, 464, 10.1136/gut.46.4.464

Lassen, 2000, Helicobacter pylori test-and-eradicate versus prompt endoscopy for management of dyspeptic patients: a randomised trial, Lancet, 356, 455, 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02553-8

Laheij, 1998, Randomized controlled trial of omeprazole or endoscopy in patients with persistent dyspepsia: a cost-effectiveness analysis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 12, 1249, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.1998.00423.x

NHS Executive Referral Guidelines for Suspected Cancer. London: HMSO, 2000.

Allum, 2002, Guidelines for the management of oesophageal and gastric cancer, Gut, 50, v1, 10.1136/gut.50.suppl_5.v1

Kapoor, 2005, Predictive value of alarm features in a rapid access upper gastrointestinal cancer service, Gut, 54, 40, 10.1136/gut.2004.039438

Globocan. http://globocan.iarc.fr/factsheets/populations/factsheet.asp?uno=724. Accessed 5 julio de 2011.

Paré, 2010, Counselling by primary care physicians may help patients with heartburn-predominant uninvestigated dyspepsia, Can J Gastroenterol, 24, 189, 10.1155/2010/362130

Chiba, 2002, Treating Helicobacter pylori infection in primary care patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia: the Canadian adult dyspepsia empiric treatment-Helicobacter pylori positive (CADET-Hp) randomised controlled trial, BMJ, 324, 1012, 10.1136/bmj.324.7344.1012

Färkkilä, 2004, Does the ‘test-and-treat’ strategy work in primary health care for management of uninvestigated dyspepsia? A prospective two-year follow-up study of 1552 patients, Scand J Gastroenterol, 39, 327, 10.1080/00365520310008674

Heaney, 1999, A prospective randomised trial of a “test and treat” policy versus endoscopy based management in young Helicobacter pylori positive patients with ulcer-like dyspepsia, referred to a hospital clinic, Gut, 45, 186, 10.1136/gut.45.2.186

Lane, 2006, Impact of Helicobacter pylori eradication on dyspepsia, health resource use, and quality of life in the Bristol helicobacter project: randomised controlled trial, BMJ, 332, 199, 10.1136/bmj.38702.662546.55

Harvey, 2010, Clinical trial: prolonged beneficial effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication on dyspepsia consultations - the Bristol Helicobacter Project, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 32, 394, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2010.04363.x

Gisbert, 1999, Helicobacter pylori test-and-treat’ strategy for dyspeptic patients, Scand J Gastroenterol, 34, 644, 10.1080/003655299750025822

Gisbert, 2004, The TETRA study: a prospective evaluation of Helicobacter pylori ‘test-and-treat’ strategy on 736 patients in clinical practice, Helicobacter, 9, 28, 10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00195.x

Calvet, 2009, Accuracy of diagnostic tests for Helicobacter pylori: a reappraisal, Clin Infect Dis, 48, 1385, 10.1086/598198

Gisbert, 2005, 13C-urea breath test in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection, Dig Liver Dis, 37, 899, 10.1016/j.dld.2005.09.006

Graham, 2000, Accurate diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori. 13C-urea breath test, Gastroenterol Clin North Am, 29, 885, 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70156-4

Gisbert, 2004, Review article: 13C-urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection -- a critical review, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 20, 1001, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02203.x

Manes, 2003, Empirical prescribing for dyspepsia: randomised controlled trial of test and treat versus omeprazole treatment, BMJ, 326, 1118, 10.1136/bmj.326.7399.1118

Rabeneck, 2002, A double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of proton pump inhibitor therapy in patients with uninvestigated dyspepsia, Am J Gastroenterol, 97, 3045, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2002.07123.x

Delaney, 2005, Initial management strategies for dyspepsia Cochrane Database Syst Rev, CD001961

Veldhuyzen van Zanten, 2005, A randomized trial comparing omeprazole, ranitidine, cisapride, or placebo in helicobacter pylori negative, primary care patients with dyspepsia: the CADET-HN Study, Am J Gastroenterol, 100, 1477, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40280.x

Dooley, 1984, Double-contrast barium meal and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. A comparative study, Ann Intern Med, 101, 538, 10.7326/0003-4819-101-4-538

Shaw, 1987, Peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma: diagnosis with biphasic radiography compared with fiberoptic endoscopy, Radiology, 163, 39, 10.1148/radiology.163.1.3823455

Shaw, 1991, Detection of Gastric Erosions: Comparison of Biphasic Radiography With Fiberoptic Endoscopy, Radiology, 178, 63, 10.1148/radiology.178.1.1984327

1998

Mahadeva, 2008, Cost-effectiveness of and satisfaction with a Helicobacter pylori “test and treat” strategy compared with prompt endoscopy in young Asians with dyspepsia, Gut, 57, 1214, 10.1136/gut.2007.147728

Ford, 2007, Clinical trial: knowledge of negative Helicobacter pylori status reduces subsequent dyspepsia-related resource use, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 26, 1267, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03500.x

Barkun, 2010, A one-year economic evaluation of six alternative strategies in the management of uninvestigated upper gastrointestinal symptoms in Canadian primary care, Can J Gastroenterol, 24, 489, 10.1155/2010/379583

Barton, 2008, A second-order simulation model of the cost-effectiveness of managing dyspepsia in the United States, Med Decis Making, 28, 44, 10.1177/0272989X07309644

Kjeldsen, 2007, Cost-effectiveness analysis of two management strategies for dyspepsia, Int J Technol Assess Health Care, 23, 376, 10.1017/S0266462307070420

Sreedharan, 2004, Cost-effectiveness and long-term impact of Helicobacter pylori ‘test and treat’ service in reducing open access endoscopy referrals, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 16, 981, 10.1097/00042737-200410000-00005

Laheij, 2004, Empirical treatment followed by a test-and-treat strategy is more cost-effective in comparison with prompt endoscopy or radiography in patients with dyspeptic symptoms: a randomized trial in a primary care setting, Fam Pract, 21, 238, 10.1093/fampra/cmh304

Makris, 2003, Cost-effectiveness of alternative approaches in the management of dyspepsia, Int J Technol Assess Health Care, 19, 446, 10.1017/S0266462303000394

Ford, 2008, Meta-analysis: Helicobacter pylori ‘test and treat’ compared with empirical acid suppression for managing dispepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 28, 534, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03784.x

Delaney, 2008, Helicobacter pylori test and treat versus proton pump inhibitor in initial management of dyspepsia in primary care: multicentre randomised controlled trial (MRC-CUBE trial), BMJ, 336, 651, 10.1136/bmj.39479.640486.AE

Jarbol, 2006, Economic evaluation of empirical antisecretory therapy versus Helicobacter pylori test for management of dyspepsia: a randomized trial in primary care, Int J Technol Assess Health Care, 22, 362, 10.1017/S0266462306051269

Fendrick, 1995, Alternative management strategies for patients with suspected peptic ulcer disease, Ann Intern Med, 123, 260, 10.7326/0003-4819-123-4-199508150-00003

Leandro Liberato, 2005, Helicobacter pylori infection in the child population in Spain: prevalence, related factors and influence on growth, An Pediatr (Barc), 63, 489, 10.1016/S1695-4033(05)70247-2

Kuipers, 1996, Atrophic gastritis and Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with reflux esophagitis treated with omeprazole or fundoplication, N Engl J Med, 334, 1018, 10.1056/NEJM199604183341603

Poulsen, 2009, Proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer: a population-based cohort study, Br J Cancer, 100, 1503, 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605024

Yang, 2009, H. pylori eradication prevents the progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia in reflux esophagitis patients using long-term esomeprazole, Am J Gastroenterol, 104, 1642, 10.1038/ajg.2009.172

Gisbert, 1997, Erosive duodenitis: prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and response to eradication therapy with omeprazole plus two antibiotics, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 9, 957, 10.1097/00042737-199710000-00007

Gisbert, 2010, Sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a critical review, J Clin Gastroenterol, 44, 313, 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181c8a1a3

Laine, 1998, Effect of proton-pump inhibitor therapy on diagnostic testing for Helicobacter pylori, Ann Intern Med, 129, 547, 10.7326/0003-4819-129-7-199810010-00007

Connor, 1999, The impact of short-term ranitidine use on the precision of the 13C-urea breath test in subjects infected with Helicobacter pylori, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 11, 1135, 10.1097/00042737-199910000-00010

Savarino, 2001, Negative effect of ranitidine on the results of urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori, Am J Gastroenterol, 96, 348, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2001.03517.x

Adachi, 2003, Influence of lansoprazole, famotidine, roxatidine and rebamipide administration on the urea breath test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 18, 168, 10.1046/j.1440-1746.2003.02922.x

Gatta, 2004, Effect of proton pump inhibitors and antacid therapy on 13C urea breath tests and stool test for Helicobacter pylori infection, Am J Gastroenterol, 99, 823, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2004.30162.x

Brown, 1993, Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, Gastroenterol Clin North Am, 22, 105, 10.1016/S0889-8553(21)00266-1

Kim, 2009, Biopsy site for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with gastric cancer, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 24, 469, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2008.05679.x

Said, 2004, Evaluation of a new biopsy urease test: Pronto Dry, for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 16, 195, 10.1097/00042737-200402000-00012

Bermejo San Jose, 2000, [Efficacy of four widely used techniques of the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in gastric ulcer disease], Rev Clin Esp, 200, 475

Cohen, 1997, Endoscopic methods for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 11, 3, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.11.s1.2.x

Laheij, 1998, Evaluation of commercially available Helicobacter pylori serology kits: a review, J Clin Microbiol, 36, 2803, 10.1128/JCM.36.10.2803-2809.1998

Roberts, 2000, Tests for Helicobacter pylori infection: a critical appraisal from primary care, Fam Pract, 17, S12, 10.1093/fampra/17.suppl_2.S12

Cohen, 1999, Accuracy of four commercially available serologic tests, including two office-based tests and a commercially available 13C urea breath test, for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori, Helicobacter, 4, 49, 10.1046/j.1523-5378.1999.09025.x

Mones, 2005, Indications, diagnostic tests and Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Recommendations by the 2nd Spanish Consensus Conference, Rev Esp Enferm Dig, 97, 348, 10.4321/S1130-01082005000500007

Gisbert, 2004, Stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection: a systematic review, Helicobacter, 9, 347, 10.1111/j.1083-4389.2004.00235.x

Gisbert, 2006, Accuracy of monoclonal stool antigen test for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis, Am J Gastroenterol, 101, 1921, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00668.x

Calvet, 2010, Comparative accuracy of 3 monoclonal stool tests for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection among patients with dyspepsia, Clin Infect Dis, 50, 323, 10.1086/649860

Malfertheiner et al. Maastricht consensus report IV, datos no publicados.(en prensa).

Rokkas, 2009, pylori eradication rates in clinical practice by adopting first and second-line regimens proposed by the Maastricht III consensus and a third-line empirical regimen, Am J Gastroenterol, 104, 21, 10.1038/ajg.2008.87

Gisbert, 2008, Empirical rescue therapy after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure: a 10-year single-centre study of 500 patients, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 27, 346, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03573.x

Gisbert, 2011, Enfermedades relacionadas con H. pylori: dispepsia, úlcera y cáncer gástrico, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 16, 10.1016/S0210-5705(11)70003-6

Graham, 2010, Helicobacter pylori infection, N Engl J Med, 363, 595, 10.1056/NEJMc1006158

Graham, 2010, Helicobacter pylori treatment in the era of increasing antibiotic resistance, Gut, 59, 1143, 10.1136/gut.2009.192757

Megraud, 2004, H pylori antibiotic resistance: prevalence, importance, and advances in testing, Gut, 53, 1374, 10.1136/gut.2003.022111

Malfertheiner, 2007, Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report, Gut, 56, 772, 10.1136/gut.2006.101634

Pérez-Trallero, 2011, Resistencia de Helicobacter pylori a diversos antibióticos: un estudio multicéntrico español, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 236

Gene, 2003, Triple vs quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori infection: an updated meta-analysis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 18, 543, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.t01-1-01712.x

Gene, 2003, Triple vs. quadruple therapy for treating Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 17, 1137, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01566.x

Luther, 2010, Empiric quadruple vs. triple therapy for primary treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and tolerability, Am J Gastroenterol, 105, 65, 10.1038/ajg.2009.508

Malfertheiner, 2011, Helicobacter pylori eradication with a capsule containing bismuth subcitrate potassium, metronidazole, and tetracycline given with omeprazole versus clarithromycin-based triple therapy: a randomised, open-label, non-inferiority, phase 3 trial, Lancet, 377, 905, 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60020-2

Zullo, 2007, The sequential therapy regimen for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a pooled-data analysis, Gut, 56, 1353, 10.1136/gut.2007.125658

Moayyedi, 2007, Sequential regimens for Helicobacter pylori eradication, Lancet, 370, 1010, 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61455-X

Gatta, 2009, Sequential therapy or triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials in adults and children, Am J Gastroenterol, 104, 3069, 10.1038/ajg.2009.555

Gisbert, 2011, Meta-análisis de la terapia secuencial frente a la triple terapia clásica para la erradicación de Helicobacter pylori, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 189

Sánchez-Delgado, 2008, Ten-day sequential treatment for Helicobacter pylori eradication in clinical practice, Am J Gastroenterol, 103, 2220, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2008.01924.x

Essa, 2009, Meta-analysis: four-drug, three-antibiotic, non-bismuth-containing “concomitant therapy” versus triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication, Helicobacter, 14, 109, 10.1111/j.1523-5378.2009.00671.x

Molina-Infante, 2011, Eficacia del tratamiento empírico cuádruple “concomitante” para la infección por H. pylori en un área con una tasa elevada de resistencia a claritromicina, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 179

Gisbert, 2011, Review article: Non-bismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy for Helicobater pylori eradication, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2011.04770.x

Gisbert, 2005, Helicobacter pylori first-line treatment and rescue options in patients allergic to penicillin, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 22, 1041, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02687.x

Gisbert, 2010, Helicobacter pylori first-line treatment and rescue option containing levofloxacin in patients allergic to penicillin, Dig Liver Dis, 42, 287, 10.1016/j.dld.2009.06.007

Gisbert, 2000, Proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either amoxycillin or nitroimidazole: a meta-analysis of eradication of Helicobacter pylori, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 14, 1319, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00844.x

Gisbert, 2001, [Helicobacter pylori resistance to metronidazole and to clarithromycin in Spain. A systematic review], Med Clin (Barc), 116, 111, 10.1016/S0025-7753(01)71738-1

Vallve, 2002, Single vs. double dose of a proton pump inhibitor in triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: a meta-analysis, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 16, 1149, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01270.x

Padol, 2006, The effect of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on H. pylori eradication rate in dual and triple first-line PPI therapies: a meta-analysis, Am J Gastroenterol, 101, 1467, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00717.x

Calvet, 2000, A meta-analysis of short versus long therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin and either metronidazole or amoxycillin for treating Helicobacter pylori infection, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 14, 603, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00744.x

Ford, 2003, How can the current strategies for Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy be improved?, Can J Gastroenterol, 17, 36B, 10.1155/2003/714124

Fuccio, 2007, Meta-analysis: duration of first-line proton-pump inhibitor based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication, Ann Intern Med, 147, 553, 10.7326/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00008

Calvet, 2008, Could increasing the duration of triple therapy be a clinically useful strategy?, Ann Intern Med, 148, 624, 10.7326/0003-4819-148-8-200804150-00009

Gisbert, 2002, Review article: Helicobacter pylori “rescue” regimen when proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapies fail, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 16, 1047, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01276.x

Gisbert, 2008, “Rescue” regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure, World J Gastroenterol, 14, 5385, 10.3748/wjg.14.5385

Gisbert, 2008, Second-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin after H. pylori treatment failure: a Spanish multicenter study of 300 patients, Am J Gastroenterol, 103, 71, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01500.x

Gisbert, 2006, Systematic review and meta-analysis: levofloxacin-based rescue regimens after Helicobacter pylori treatment failure, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 23, 35, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02737.x

Saad, 2006, Levofloxacin-based triple therapy versus bismuth-based quadruple therapy for persistent Helicobacter pylori infection: a meta-analysis, Am J Gastroenterol, 101, 488, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00637.x

Marín, 2011, Metaanálisis de triple terapia con levofloxacino vs. cuádruple terapia con bismuto como tratamientos de rescate de segunda línea para la erradicación de Helicobacter pylori, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 235

Gisbert, 2011, Terapia de rescate con levofloxacino tras el fracaso erradicador de H. pylori: estudio multicéntrico de la Asociación Española de Gastroenterología sobre la eficacia y evolución temporal en 830 pacientes, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 234

Zullo, 2010, How to manage Helicobacter pylori after sequential therapy failure?, J Clin Gastroenterol, 44, 459, 10.1097/MCG.0b013e3181d06b41

Gisbert JP, Vinagre-Rodriguez G, Marín AC, Molina-Infante J. Second-line rescue triple therapy with levofloxacin after quadruple non-bismuth “sequential” or “concomitant” treatment failure. Helicobacter. En prensa.

Gisbert, 2006, Third-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin after two H. pylori treatment failures, Am J Gastroenterol, 101, 243, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00457.x

Megraud, 2003, Review article: the treatment of refractory Helicobacter pylori infection, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 17, 1333, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01592.x

Canducci, 2001, Rifabutin-based Helicobacter pylori eradication ‘rescue therapy’, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 15, 143, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00909.x

Gisbert, 2003, “Rescue” therapy with rifabutin after multiple Helicobacter pylori treatment failures, Helicobacter, 8, 90, 10.1046/j.1523-5378.2003.00128.x

Gisbert, 2006, Third-line rescue therapy with levofloxacin is more effective than rifabutin rescue regimen after two Helicobacter pylori treatment failures, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 24, 1469, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03149.x

Phull, 1996, Absence of dyspeptic symptoms as a test of Helicobacter pylori eradication, BMJ, 312, 349, 10.1136/bmj.312.7027.349

Gisbert, 2005, Systematic review and meta-analysis: is 1-week proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy sufficient to heal peptic ulcer?, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 21, 795, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02418.x

Higuchi, 2003, Is eradication sufficient to heal gastric ulcers in patients infected with Helicobacter pylori?. A randomized, controlled, prospective study, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 17, 111, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01402.x

Lai, 2000, Ulcer-healing drugs are required after eradication of Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric ulcer but not duodenal ulcer haemorrhage, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 14, 1071, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2000.00803.x

Gisbert, 2011, Erradicación de H. pylori y prevención de la recidiva hemorrágica por úlcera péptica. Estudio multicéntrico nacional a largo plazo en 890 pacientes, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 34, 236

Halder, 2007, Functional dispepsia: A new Rome III paradigm, Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology, 10, 259, 10.1007/s11938-007-0069-0

Keohane, 2006, Functional dyspepsia: The role of visceral hypersensitivity in its patogénesis, World J Gastroenterol, 12, 2672, 10.3748/wjg.v12.i17.2672

Lee, 2004, Pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia, Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol, 18, 707, 10.1016/j.bpg.2004.04.007

Mearin, 2005, Trastornos funcionales y motores digestivos, Gastroenterol Hepatol Monogr, 3, 21

Stanghellini, 1996, Risk indicators of delayed gastric emptying of solids in patients with functional dyspepsia, Gastroenterology, 110, 1036, 10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8612991

Tack, 2001, Symptoms associated with hypersensitivity to gastric distention in functional dyspepsia, Gastroenterology, 121, 526, 10.1053/gast.2001.27180

Tack, 2002, Clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of acute-onset functional dyspepsia, Gastroenterology, 122, 1738, 10.1053/gast.2002.33663

Thumshirm, 2002, Pathophysiology of functional dyspepsia, Gut, 51, 63, 10.1136/gut.51.suppl_1.i63

Danesh, 2000, Systematic review of the epidemiological evidence on Helicobacter pylori infection and nonulcer or uninvestigated dyspepsia, Arch Intern Med, 160, 1192, 10.1001/archinte.160.8.1192

Jaakkimainen, 1999, Is Helicobacter pylori associated with non-ulcer dyspepsia and will eradication improve symptoms? A meta-analysis, BMJ, 319, 1040, 10.1136/bmj.319.7216.1040

Laine, 2001, Therapy for Helicobacter pylori in patients with nonulcer dyspepsia. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials, Ann Intern Med, 134, 361, 10.7326/0003-4819-134-5-200103060-00008

Gisbert, 2002, Infección por Helicobacter pylori y dispepsia funcional. Metaanálisis de la eficacia del tratamiento erradicador, Med Clin (Barc), 118, 405, 10.1016/S0025-7753(02)72403-2

Hsu, 2001, Eradication of Helicobacter pylori prevents ulcer development in patients with ulcer-like functional dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 15, 195, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.00903.x

Koelz, 2003, Treatment of Helicobacter pylori in functional dispepsia resistant to conventional management: a double blind randomised trial with a six month follow up, Gut, 52, 40, 10.1136/gut.52.1.40

Abraham, 2004, Systematic review: the methodological quality of trials affects estimates of treatment efficacy in functional (nonulcer) dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 19, 631, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01878.x

Moayyedi, 2003, An update of the Cochrane systematic review of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in nonulcer dyspepsia: resolving the discrepancy between systematic reviews, Am J Gastroenterol, 98, 2621, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.08724.x

Redstone, 2001, H2-receptor antagonists in the treatment of functional (nonulcer) dyspepsia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 15, 1291, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2001.01044.x

Wang, 2007, Effects of proton-pump inhibitors on functional dyspepsia: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials, Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol, 5, 178, 10.1016/j.cgh.2006.09.012

Talley, 2002, The potential role of acid suppression in functional dyspepsia: the BOND OPERA PILOT and ENCORE studies, Gut, 50, 36, 10.1136/gut.50.suppl_4.iv36

Hiyama, 2007, Meta-analysis of the effects of prokinetic agents in patients with functional dyspepsia, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22, 304, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04493.x

Hiyama, 2007, Treatment of functional dyspepsia with serotonin agonists: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, J Gastroenterol Hepatol, 22, 1566, 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04723.x

Jackson, 2000, Treatment of functional gastrointestinal disorders with antidepressant medications: a meta-analysis, Am J Med, 108, 65, 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)00299-5

Tack, 2003, Influence of the selective serotonin re uptake inhibitor, paroxetine, on gastric sensorimotor function in humans, Aliment Phamacol Ther, 17, 603, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2003.01469.x

Talley, 2010, Antidepressants in functional dyspepsia, Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol, 4, 5, 10.1586/egh.09.73

Bixquert-Jiménez, 2005, Tratamiento con antidepresivos en los trastornos funcionales digestivos, Gastroenterol Hepatol, 28, 485, 10.1157/13079000

Cremonini, 2004, Functional dyspepsia: drugs for new (and old) therapeutic targets, Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, 18, 717, 10.1016/j.bpg.2004.04.003

Saad, 2006, Current and emerging therapies for functional dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 24, 475, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03005.x

Haag, 2007, Is there a benefit from intensified medical and psychological interventions in patients with functional dyspepsia not responding to conventional therapy?, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 25, 973, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03277.x

Thompson, 2002, Systematic review: herbal medicinal products for non-ulcer dyspepsia, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 16, 1689, 10.1046/j.1365-2036.2002.01339.x

Kliger, 2007, Peppermint oil, Am Fam Physician, 75, 1027

Melzer, 2004, Meta-analysis: phytotherapy of functional dyspepsia with the herbal drug preparation STW 5 (Iberogast), Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 20, 1279, 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.02275.x

Von Arnim, 2007, STW 5, a Phytopharmacon for Patients With Functional Dyspepsia: Results of a Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Double-Blind Study, Am J Gastroenterol, 102, 1268, 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.01183.x