Gibberellins and Seed Development in Maize. I. Evidence That Gibberellin/Abscisic Acid Balance Governs Germination versus Maturation Pathways

Oxford University Press (OUP) - Tập 122 Số 4 - Trang 1081-1088 - 2000
Constance White1, William M. Proebsting2, Peter Hedden3, Carol J. Rivin1
1Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Center for Gene Research and Biotechnology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–2902 (C.N.W., C.J.R.);
2Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331–7304 (W.M.P.); and
3IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Science, University of Bristol, Long Ashton, Bristol BS18 9AF, United Kingdom (P.H.)

Tóm tắt

Abstract Abscisic acid (ABA) is required for the regulation of seed maturation in maize (Zea mays L.). Mutants blocked in ABA synthesis (such asviviparous-5) do not mature to quiescent, desiccation-tolerant seeds, but germinate on the ear midway through kernel development. Because gibberellins (GA) and ABA act antagonistically in many aspects of plant development, we hypothesized that ABA antagonizes a positive GA signal for precocious germination in maize. In these experiments, we show that a GA deficiency early in seed development, induced genetically or via biosynthesis inhibitors, suppresses vivipary in ABA-deficient developing kernels. The resulting seeds have both desiccation tolerance and storage longevity. Temporal analysis of GA accumulation in wild-type kernels revealed the accumulation of bioactive GA1 and GA3 prior to the peak in ABA content. We speculate that these GAs stimulate a developmental program leading to vivipary in the absence of normal amounts of ABA, and that a reduction of GA content re-establishes an ABA/GA ratio appropriate for suppression of germination and induction of maturation. In contrast, the induction of a GA deficiency did not suppress vivipary in viviparous-1 mutant kernels, suggesting that VP1 acts downstream of both GA and ABA in programming seed development.

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Oxford University Press (OUP)

Tập 122 Số 4

1081-1088

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