Genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow analysis of lowland bamboo [Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A. Rich.) Munro] in Ethiopia

Ecology and Evolution - Tập 10 Số 20 - Trang 11217-11236 - 2020
Oumer Abdie1,2, Kifle Dagne2, Tileye Feyissa3, Kassahun Tesfaye4,3, Durai Jayaraman5, Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder6
1Department of Biology, Assosa University (ASU), Assosa, Ethiopia
2Department of Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University (AAU), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
3Institute of Biotechnology (IoB), Addis Ababa University (AAU), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4Ethiopian Biotechnology Institute (EBTi), Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
5International Network for Bamboo and Rattan (INBAR) East Africa Regional Office (EARO), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
6Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan

Tóm tắt

Abstract

Bamboo, a member of subfamily Bambusoideae in the grass family (Poaceae), is one of the most important nontimber forest resources and a potential alternative to wood and wood products. Ethiopian lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) is an economically and ecologically important species which accounts about 85% of total bamboo coverage in the country. This species is experiencing population decline due to a number of anthropogenic factors. As a foundation step, genetic diversity, population structure, and gene flow analysis of various O. abyssinica populations found in Ethiopia are studied using inter‐simple sequence repeat markers. One hundred and thirty isolates of bamboo belonging to 13 geographically diverse populations were collected for DNA extraction and analysis. Heterozygosity, level of polymorphism, marker efficiency, Nei's gene diversity (H), and Shannon's information index (I) analysis, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), analysis for cluster, principal coordinates (PCoA), and admixture analyses were performed based on the markers banding pattern. The results indicated high genetic variation (84.48%) at species level. The H, I, observed and effective number of alleles at the species level were 0.2702, 0.4061, 1.8448, and 1.4744, respectively, suggesting a relatively high level of genetic diversity. However, genetic differentiation at the population level was relatively low. Using grouped populations, AMOVA revealed that most (61.05%) of the diversity was distributed within the populations with FST = 0.38949, FSC = 0.10486, and FCT = 0.31797. Cluster analysis grouped the populations into markedly distinct clusters, suggesting confined propagation in distinct geographic regions. STRUCTURE analyses showed K = 2 for all populations and K = 11 excluding Gambella population. Using these markers, we found strong evidence that the genetic diversity of the lowland bamboo is associated with distinct geographic regions and that isolates of Gambella Region, with their unique genetic origin, are quite different from other bamboos found in the country.

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Ecology and Evolution

Tập 10 Số 20

11217-11236

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