Genetic Factors and Molecular Mechanisms of Vitamin D and Obesity Relationship

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism - Tập 73 Số 2 - Trang 89-99 - 2018
Francisco Javier Ruiz‐Ojeda1,2,3, Augusto Anguita‐Ruiz1,2,3, Rosaura Leis4,5, Concepción M. Aguilera1,4,2,3
1Biohealth Research Institute in Granada (ibs.GRANADA), University Hospital Complex of Granada, Granada, Spain
2Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
3Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
4CIBEROBN (CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30028), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
5Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department (USC), Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), USC University Hospital Complex, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Tóm tắt

Vitamin D (vitD) deficiency is associated with a wide range of chronic diseases and conditions, including obesity, and with an increasing severity of metabolic dysregulation, such as insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, liver disease, and hypertension, both in children and adults. However, the nature of the association between low vitD status and obesity remains unclear. This fact has motivated the scientific community to conduct genetic association analyses between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D)-related genes and obesity traits. In this line, the variation in the vitD receptor (<i>VDR</i>) gene represents the bulk of the findings. Specifically, polymorphisms in the <i>VDR</i> gene have been associated with obesity traits in some but not all, studies. Thus, results regarding this matter remain inconclusive. Other genes aside from <i>VDR</i> have also been investigated in relation to obesity-related traits. However, again, findings have been inconsistent. In general, results point to the fact that the <i>DBP/GC</i> gene could be an important protein-linking obesity and vitD status. On the other hand, several studies have attempted to determine the molecular mechanism of the relationship between 25(OH)-D levels and obesity. Some of these studies suggest that vitD, due to its fat-soluble characteristic, is retained by the adipose tissue and has the capacity to metabolize 25(OH)-D locally, and this can be altered during obesity. Additionally, vitD is capable of regulating the gene expression related to adipogenesis process, inflammation, oxidative stress, and metabolism in mature adipocytes. Therefore, the aim of the present review was to evaluate the association between obesity and vitD deficiency describing the main molecular mechanism of the relationship and the link with genetic factors. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> Low serum 25(OH)-D is positively associated with obesity or BMI in adults and children. Circulating vitD concentrations are, at least, partially determined by genetic factors. VitD plays an important role in the adipogenesis process and inflammation status in adipocytes and adipose tissue.

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Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism

Tập 73 Số 2

89-99

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