GENDER DIFFERENCES IN RELATIONAL AND PHYSICAL AGGRESSION

Social Behavior and Personality - Tập 35 Số 1 - Trang 41-50 - 2007
Leslie A. Burton, Jessica Hafetz1, Debra Henninger
1School of Health in Social Science

Tóm tắt

A sample of 134 (93 female, 41 male) university students were evaluated with measures of relational and physical aggression, as well as measures of the five personality factors (NEO Five-Factor Inventory; Costa & McCrae, 1992), depression and anxiety (Beck Depression Inventory; Beck, 1987 and Anxiety Inventory; Beck, 1990), and general emotional understanding and functioning (Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory; Bar-On, 1997). Gender differences were found such that the men reported more physical aggression and less Extraversion, with trends for less Neuroticism and less Agreeableness, than the women (NEO-FFI). Additionally, the women had higher Bar-On Interpersonal overall factor scores, including higher scores for the component Empathy, Social Responsibility, and Interpersonal Relationship subscales, than the men. Relational and physical aggression showed different patterns of association with other personality and emotional measures for men and women. In men, higher physical aggression was associated with lower Agreeableness and lower Extraversion. In women, higher physical aggression was associated with higher Conscientiousness, more depression, lower Bar-On EQI Stress Management and higher adaptability. Relational aggression was associated with lower Agreeableness and a lower Bar-On EQI overall score for both men and women. In men, higher relational aggression was additionally associated with more Neuroticism. In women, higher relational aggression was also associated with lower Conscientiousness, and lower Bar-On EQI Interpersonal factor scores.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. Washington, DC: Author.

10.1207/s15327957pspr0903_2

Bar-On, R. (1997). Bar-On Emotional Quotient Inventory. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health Systems.

Beck, A. (1987). Beck Depression Inventory. San Antonia, TX: Psychological Corporation.

Beck, A. (1990). Beck Anxiety Inventory. San Antonia, TX: Harcourt.

10.1037/0033-2909.119.3.422

Bjorkqvist, K., Osterman, K. & Kaukiainen, A. (1992). The development of direct and indirect aggressive strategies in males and females. In K. Bjorkqvist & P. Niemela (Eds.), Of mice and women: Aspects of female aggression. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

10.1002/1098-2337(1994)20:1<27::AID-AB2480200105>3.0.CO;2-Q

Buss, A. (1961). The psychology of aggression. New York: Wiley.

10.1037/0022-3514.63.3.452

10.1037/0012-1649.25.2.320

10.1002/(SICI)1099-0984(199606)10:2<133::AID-PER252>3.0.CO;2-E

Costa, P. & McCrae, R. (1992). NEO PI-R. Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.

10.1037/0022-3514.81.2.322

Crick, N., Werner, N., Casas, J., O'Brien, K., Nelson, D., Grotpeter, J. etal (1999). Childhood aggression and gender: A new look at an old problem. In R. Dienstbier & D. Bernstein (Eds.), Gender and motivation. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.

10.2307/1131945

10.1016/S0191-8869(99)00139-7

10.1037//0033-2909.100.3.309

10.1037/0033-2909.116.3.429

10.1037/0012-1649.20.4.722

10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.581

10.1037//0033-2909.125.4.470

Maccoby, E. & Jacklin, C. (1974). The psychology of sex differences. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

McNeilly-Choque M., 1996, Journal of Research on Childhood Education, 11, 47, 10.1080/02568549609594695

10.1037/0033-2909.101.2.259

Moffitt, T., Caspi, A., Rutter, M. & Silva, P. (2001). Sex differences in antisocial behavior: Conduct disorder, delinquency, and violence in the Dunedin longitudinal study. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Morey, L. (1991). The Personality Assessment Inventory. Odesssa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc.

10.1037/0022-3514.50.5.1045

10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00155-0

10.1016/j.paid.2004.04.012

10.1037//0021-843X.108.4.615

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Social Behavior and Personality

Tập 35 Số 1

41-50

Thông tin tác giả