Family Involvement During a Geropsychiatric Hospitalization
Tóm tắt
This descriptive study examined patterns and correlates of family involvement during a short-term geropsychiatric hospitalization. Participants were 32 family members who completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and a prehospitalization involvement measure. Involvement data included frequency of family member visits, ratings of family members' overall involvement, and eight measures of family members' involvement with hospital staff. The majority of family members participated in a staff meeting with nursing staff and the physician, made individual contact with the physician, met with the social worker, had phone contact with nursing staff, and consulted with staff during visiting hours. Correlates of involvement included: complexity of patients' needs; family members' scores on the BSI subscales of depression, hostility, psychoticism, and paranoia; family members' awareness of patient's needs; the extent to which discharge plans altered the family members' caregiving role; and the family's degree of enmeshment–disengagement. These family variables deserve attention in future research.
Tài liệu tham khảo
Aneshensel, C. S., Pearlin, L. I., Mullan, J. T., Zarit, S. H., and Whitlatch, J. (1995). Profiles in Caregiving: The Unexpected Career, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Barnes, C. L., Given, B. A., and Given, C. W. (1992). Caregivers of elderly relatives: Spouses and adult children. Health Soc. Work 17: 282–289.
Belson, P. (1993). Children in hospital. Child. and Soc. 7: 186–210.
Boulet, J., and Boss, M. W. (1991). Reliability and validity of the Brief Symptom Inventory. Psychol. Assess. 3: 433–437.
Braiman, S. G. (1977). The establishment of a therapeutic alliance with parents of psychiatrically hospitalized children. Soc. Work Health Care 3: 19–27.
Derogatis, L. R., and Spencer, P. M. (1982). The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI): Administration, Scoring, and Procedures Manual-1, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Clinical Psychometrics Research Unit, Baltimore.
Falloon, I., Boyd, J., McGill, C., Williamson, M., Ranzani, J., Moss, H., and Gilderman, A. (1985). Family management in the prevention of morbidity of schizophrenia: Clinical outcome of a two-year longitudinal study. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 42: 887–896.
Glick, I. D., Spencer, J. H., Clarkin, J. F., and Haas, G. L. (1990). A randomized clinical trial of inpatient family interventions: IV. Followup results for subjects with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res. 3: 187–200.
Goldwurm, G. F., Fernandez, I., Mastrangelo, F., Meneghelli, I. A., and Vergani, M. D. (1990). Comprehensive treatment for patients who are mentally ill and their families. Psychosoc. Rehab. J. 13: 19–22.
Gould, E., and Glick, I. D. (1977). The effects of family presence and brief family intervention on global outcome for hospitalized schizophrenic patients. Fam. Process 16: 503–510.
Haas, G. L., Glick, I. D., Clarkin, J. F., and Spencer, J. H. (1988). Inpatient family intervention: A randomized clinical trial: II. Results at hospital discharge. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 45: 217–224.
Hinrichsen, G. A., and Hernandez, N. A. (1993). Factors associated with recovery from and relapse into major depressive disorder in the elderly. Am. J. Psychiatry 150: 1820–1825.
Hinrichsen, G. A., Hernandez, N. A., and Pollack, S. (1992). Difficulties and rewards in family care of the depressed older adult. Gerontologist 32: 486–492.
Hogarty, G., Anderson, C., Reiss, D., Kornblith, S., Greenwald., D., Ulrich, R., and Carter, M. (1991). Family psychoeducation, social skills training, and maintenance chemotherapy in the aftercare treatment of schizophrenia. II: Two-year effects of a controlled study of relapse and adjustment. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 48: 340–347.
Horowitz, A. (1985). Family caregiving to the elderly. In Eisdorfer, C. (ed.), Annual Review of Gerontology and Geriatrics: Vol. 5, Springer, New York.
Jan, L. (1977). Influence of relatives on the length of hospital stay. Soc. Work 22: 60–61.
Kadushin, G., and Kulys, R. (1994). Patient and family involvement in discharge planning. J. Gerontol. Soc. Work 22: 171–199.
Leff, J., Kuipers, L., Berkowitz, R., and Sturgeon, D. (1985). A controlled trial of social intervention in the families of schizophrenia patients: Two-year follow-up. Br. J. Psychiatry 146: 594–600.
Liptzin, B., Grob, M. C., and Eisen, S. V. (1988). Family burden of demented and depressed elderly psychiatric inpatients. Gerontologist 28: 397–401.
Naleppa, M. (1996). Families and the institutionalized elderly: A review. J. Gerontol. Soc. Work 27: 87–111.
Owens, S. J., and Qualls, S. H. (1997). Family stress at the time of a geropsychiatric hospitalization. Fam. Relations 46: 179–185.
Piersma, H. L., Boes, J. L., and Reaume, W. M. (1994). Unidimensionality of the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) in Adult and Adolescent Inpatients. J. Pers. Assess. 63: 338–344.
Qualls, S. H. (1996). Family therapy with aging families. In Zarit, S. H., and Knight, B. G. (eds.), A Guide to Psychotherapy and Aging: Effective Clinical Interventions in a Life-Stage Context, American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, pp. 121–137.
Stone, R., Cafferata, G. L., and Sangl, J. (1987). Caregivers of the frail elderly: A national profile. Gerontologist 27: 616–626.
Tarrier, N., Barrowclough, C., Vaughn, C., Bamrah, J., Porceddu, K., Watts, S., and Freeman, H. (1989). Community management of schizophrenia. A two-year follow-up of a behavioral intervention with families. Br. J. Psychiatry 154: 625–628.
Tennstedt, S. L., McKinlay, J. B., and Sullivan, L. M. (1989). Informal care for frail elders: The role of secondary caregivers. Gerontologist 29: 677–683.
Walkup, J. (1997). Family involvement in general hospital care. In Mechanic, D. (ed.), Improving Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment in an Era of Managed Care, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 51–64.
Weinstein, L. (1964). Real and ideal discharge criteria. Men. Hospitals 15: 690–683.