Factors delimiting the boundary between vertically contiguous mussel beds ofSeptifer virgatus (Wiegmann) andHormomya mutabilis (Gould)
Tóm tắt
On moderately wave-exposed rocky shores in middle Japan, the upper interidal mytilid,Septifer virgatus, and lower intertidal mytilid,Hormomya mutabilis, occur together, forming vertically contiguous mussed beds. Factors limiting the lower distribution limit ofSeptifer and the upper limit ofHormomya were investigated by collections of natural mussel clumps and single- and mixed-species transplantation experiments. Newly settled juvenileSeptifer (<5 mm shell length) were significantly fewer in the natural and artificialHormomya clumps than in theSeptifer clumps. Both natural and artificialHormomya clumps accumulated a much greater amount of sediment than did theSeptifer clumps.Hormomya clumps inhibited the recruitment ofSeptifer, presumably through accumulation of sediment, which resulted in setting the lower limit of theSeptifer zone. Survivorship of small (5–10 mm) and large (>15 mm)Hormomya was much lower inHormomya clumps transplanted upwards into theSeptifer zone than it was inHormomya clumps in theHormomya zone. In mixed-species clumps in theSeptifer zone, however, survivorship of smallHormomya was not significantly different from that in mixed-species clumps in theHormomya zone.Septifer had a positive effect on the survival of smallHormomya and increased the upper limit ofHormomya, presumably by providing shelter and thus protecting them from desiccation. The upper limit ofHormomya zone was thus considered to be set by desiccation exceeding the physiological tolerance of the species.
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