Factors Affecting the Absorption of Subcutaneously Administered Insulin: Effect on Variability

Journal of Diabetes Research - Tập 2018 - Trang 1-17 - 2018
Anna Katrina Jógvansdóttir Gradel1,2, Trine Porsgaard2, Jens Lykkesfeldt1, Torben Seested3, S. Gram-Nielsen2, Niels Buus Kristensen4, Hanne H. F. Refsgaard2
1Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
2Insulin Research, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, Denmark
3Department of Histology and Imaging, Global Drug Discovery, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, 2760 Måløv, Denmark
4Quantitative Clinical Pharmacology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Vandtårnsvej 108, 2860 Søborg, Denmark

Tóm tắt

Variability in the effect of subcutaneously administered insulin represents a major challenge in insulin therapy where precise dosing is required in order to achieve targeted glucose levels. Since this variability is largely influenced by the absorption of insulin, a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the absorption of insulin from the subcutaneous tissue is necessary in order to improve glycaemic control and the long-term prognosis in people with diabetes. These factors can be related to either the insulin preparation, the injection site/patient, or the injection technique. This review highlights the factors affecting insulin absorption with special attention on the physiological factors at the injection site. In addition, it also provides a detailed description of the insulin absorption process and the various modifications to this process that have been utilized by the different insulin preparations available.

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