Các khuôn mặt, từ tiếng Anh và ký tự tiếng Trung: một nghiên cứu về sự can thiệp khi thực hiện hai nhiệm vụ ở người nói đơn ngữ và song ngữ

Springer Science and Business Media LLC - Tập 241 - Trang 1131-1144 - 2023
Marko Tien1, Andrea Albonico1, Jason J. S. Barton1
1Human Vision and Eye Movement Laboratory, Departments of Medicine (Neurology), Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Tóm tắt

Giả thuyết nhiều-một cho rằng các nhiệm vụ xử lý khuôn mặt và từ hình ảnh chia sẻ các nguồn tài nguyên thần kinh trong não, mặc dù chúng thể hiện các bất đối xứng bán cầu đối lập trong các nghiên cứu chẩn đoán hình ảnh thần kinh và tâm lý học thần kinh. Gần đây, người ta đã đề xuất rằng cả hiệu ứng kích thích và nhiệm vụ cần được đưa vào giả thuyết. Một nghiên cứu gần đây đã phát hiện sự can thiệp hai nhiệm vụ giữa các chức năng khuôn mặt và văn bản mà bên bán cầu của chúng có sự liên kết, nhưng không xảy ra khi chúng được phân bổ cho các bán cầu khác nhau. Tuy nhiên, vẫn không rõ liệu việc thiếu sự can thiệp giữa nhận diện từ và khuôn mặt có xảy ra với các ngôn ngữ khác hay không, đặc biệt là các ngôn ngữ có hệ thống viết hình thái âm tiết như tiếng Trung, cho mà có một số bằng chứng cho thấy sự tham gia lớn hơn của bán cầu phải. Ở đây, chúng tôi đã sử dụng cùng một kỹ thuật để kiểm tra sự can thiệp hai nhiệm vụ giữa văn bản tiếng Anh, ký tự tiếng Trung và nhận diện khuôn mặt. Chúng tôi đã thử nghiệm với 20 đối tượng đơn ngữ giao tiếp tiếng Anh và 20 đối tượng song ngữ tiếng Trung và tiếng Anh. Chúng tôi đã tái lập kết quả trước đó cho văn bản tiếng Anh và cho thấy các kết quả tương tự cho văn bản tiếng Trung mà không có bằng chứng về sự can thiệp với khuôn mặt. Chúng tôi cũng không tìm thấy sự can thiệp giữa văn bản tiếng Trung và tiếng Anh. Các kết quả hỗ trợ quan điểm cho rằng việc đọc các từ tiếng Anh, đọc các ký tự tiếng Trung và xác định khuôn mặt có sự chia sẻ tài nguyên thần kinh tối thiểu.

Từ khóa

#Nhận diện khuôn mặt #Từ tiếng Anh #Ký tự tiếng Trung #Sự can thiệp hai nhiệm vụ #Ngôn ngữ đơn ngữ và song ngữ

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