FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE PATHOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF RAT SKELETAL MUSCLE TO TOXINS ISOLATED FROM THE VENOM OF THE AUSTRALIAN TIGER SNAKE, NOTECHIS SCUTATUS SCUTATUS

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology - Tập 5 Số 6 - Trang 587-600 - 1978
John B. Harris1, Margaret A. Johnson1
1Muscular Dystrophy Group Laboratories, Regional Neurological Centre, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne

Tóm tắt

SUMMARY1. Some aspects of the response of mammalian skeletal muscle following the injection of purified toxins from the venom of the Australian tiger snake, Notechis scutatus scutatus, are described.2. The toxins used were notexin, notechis II‐5, notechis II‐1 and a modified form of notexin (PBP‐notexin). They were injected into the dorso‐lateral aspect of one hind limb so that the soleus muscle would be exposed to the toxins.3. Within 1 h after the injection of notexin, the soleus muscles were oedematous and by 3–6 h, polymorphonuclear leucocytes had entered the interstitial spaces. The invasion of necrotic muscle fibres was extensive by this time. Muscle spindles appeared relatively unaffected by the toxin.4. The muscle regenerated via myoblasts at 2–3 days to myotubes at 3–5 days, immature muscle fibres at 7–14 days and fully differentiated muscle fibres by 21–28 days. Even after 6 months, however, the nuclei of many muscle fibres remained in a central position.5. A second component of Australian tiger snake venom was also found to be myotoxic. It was slightly less potent than notexin, but caused qualitatively similar damage to that caused by notexin. It was identified as notechis II‐5. A third fraction, notechis II‐l, was found to be inactive.6. Notexin could be neutralized by incubation with tiger snake antivenene; the simultaneous injection of antivenene with notexin did not afford complete protection against muscle damage.

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Abraham E.P., 1970, General Pathology, 431

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1976.tb81760.x

10.1111/j.1476-5381.1973.tb08381.x

Florey H.W., 1970, General Pathology, 124

10.1016/0014-4886(74)90176-9

Halpert J., 1975, Amino acid sequence of a presynaptic neurotoxin from the venom of Notechis scutatus scutatus (Australian tiger snake), Journal of Biological Chemistry, 250, 6990, 10.1016/S0021-9258(19)41030-2

Halpert J., 1976, Isolation and amino acid sequence of a neurotoxic phospholipase A from the venom of the Australian tiger snake Notechis scutatus scutatus, Journal of Biological Chemistry, 251, 343, 10.1016/S0021-9258(17)32855-7

10.1016/0014-5793(76)80905-2

10.1016/0014-5793(76)80174-3

10.1111/j.1440-1681.1975.tb01846.x

10.1177/14.8.577

10.5694/j.1326-5377.1975.tb106158.x

Jennings M.A., 1970, General Pathology, 480

10.1016/0041-0101(72)90066-9

Peaise A.G.E., 1960, Histochemistry, Theoretical and Applied, 681

10.1111/j.1440-1681.1978.tb00663.x

10.1002/aja.1001100203

10.1177/0310057X7400200405

Thông tin
Thông tin xuất bản

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology

Tập 5 Số 6

587-600

Thông tin tác giả