Khám phá vai trò của giới và phụ nữ trong kinh tế chính trị của sức khỏe trong xung đột vũ trang: một bài tổng quan

Globalization and Health - Tập 17 - Trang 1-9 - 2021
Kristen Meagher1, Bothaina Attal2, Preeti Patel1
1Research for Health Systems Strengthening in northern Syria, Conflict and Health Research Group (CHRG), Department of War Studies, King’s College London, London, UK
2Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana’a University, Yemen and Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

Tóm tắt

Các tác động lan tỏa của các cuộc xung đột vũ trang kéo dài bao gồm: những rào cản lớn về giới đối với việc tiếp cận các dịch vụ thiết yếu như sức khỏe, giáo dục, nước và vệ sinh cũng như những thách thức kinh tế vĩ mô rộng lớn hơn như tỷ lệ nghèo gia tăng, gánh nặng nợ nần cao hơn, và triển vọng việc làm suy giảm. Những yếu tố này ảnh hưởng đến các định văn xã hội và chính trị rộng lớn hơn về sức khỏe của phụ nữ và một phân tích giới của kinh tế chính trị sức khỏe trong bối cảnh xung đột có thể hỗ trợ việc củng cố các hệ thống sức khỏe trong thời kỳ xung đột. Điều này, theo đó sẽ dẫn đến sự bình đẳng và công bằng không chỉ trong lĩnh vực sức khỏe mà còn trong các lĩnh vực và hệ thống rộng lớn hơn, góp phần vào việc xây dựng hòa bình bền vững. Phương pháp được áp dụng là một nghiên cứu tổng quan tường thuật đa ngành về tài liệu đã được công bố và tài liệu xám về phụ nữ và giới trong kinh tế chính trị của sức khỏe trong xung đột. Tài liệu hiện có liên quan đến lĩnh vực mới nổi về kinh tế chính trị sức khỏe trong xung đột đã bỏ qua khía cạnh giới và cụ thể là vai trò của phụ nữ như một yếu tố quan trọng. Phân tích giới đã được đưa vào nghiên cứu về các hệ thống sức khỏe sau xung đột, nhưng điều này không mở rộng đến các quốc gia đang chịu ảnh hưởng của xung đột vũ trang và khủng hoảng nhân đạo. Phân tích cũng có xu hướng bỏ qua các hệ thống xã hội được xây dựng theo cấu trúc gia trưởng, các quan hệ quyền lực và các chuẩn mực về giới thường dẫn đến nhu cầu, trải nghiệm và kết quả sức khỏe rất khác nhau trong các hệ thống sức khỏe. Các nghiên cứu điển hình chi tiết về kinh tế chính trị sức khỏe theo giới ở các quốc gia bị ảnh hưởng bởi xung đột phức tạp và kéo dài sẽ hỗ trợ những nỗ lực cải thiện công bằng sức khỏe và hiểu biết về các quan hệ giới hỗ trợ việc củng cố hệ thống sức khỏe.

Từ khóa


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