Experimental Analysis and Evaluation of the Compressive Strength of Rubberized Concrete During Freeze–Thaw Cycles

Assaggaf, R., Maslehuddin, M., Al-Osta, M. A., Al-Dulaijan, S. U., & Ahmad, S. (2022). Properties and sustainability of treated crumb rubber concrete. Journal of Building Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104250 Berto, L., Saetta, A., & Talledo, D. (2015). Constitutive model of concrete damaged by freeze-thaw action for evaluation of structural performance of RC elements. Construction and Building Materials, 98, 559–569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.035 Chen, A., Han, X., Chen, M., Wang, X., Wang, Z., & Guo, T. (2020). Mechanical and stress-strain behavior of basalt fiber reinforced rubberized recycled coarse aggregate concrete. Construction and Building Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119888 Chen, A., Han, X., Wang, Z., & Guo, T. (2021). Dynamic properties of pretreated rubberized concrete under incremental loading. Materials. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14092183 Chen, A., Han, X., Wang, Z., Zhang, Q., Xia, X., Ji, Y., & Li, K. (2022). Analytical evaluation of compressive strength for concrete with rubber fine aggregates and the predictive model. Construction and Building Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128359 Chen, A., Wang, J., & Ma, Y. (2015). Test of frost resistance for steel fiber rubber recycled concrete. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 32(04), 933–941. https://doi.org/10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20141022.006 Chen, F., & Qiao, P. (2015). Probabilistic damage modeling and service-life prediction of concrete under freeze-thaw action. Materials and Structures, 48(8), 2697–2711. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0347-y Chou, L. H., Lu, C. K., Chang, J. R., & Lee, M. T. (2007). Use of waste rubber as concrete additive. Waste Management and Research, 25(1), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242x07067448 Dvorkin, L. (2019). Design estimation of concrete frost resistance. Construction and Building Materials, 211, 779–784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.03.108 Eiras, J. N., Segovia, F., Borrachero, M. V., Monzó, J., Bonilla, M., & Payá, J. (2014). Physical and mechanical properties of foamed Portland cement composite containing crumb rubber from worn tires. Materials and Design, 59, 550–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2014.03.021 Gesoğlu, M., Güneyisi, E., Khoshnaw, G., & Ipek, S. (2014). Investigating properties of pervious concretes containing waste tire rubbers. Construction and Building Materials, 63, 206–213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.046 Gonen, T. (2018). Freezing-thawing and impact resistance of concretes containing waste crumb rubbers. Construction and Building Materials, 177, 436–442. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.105 Gong, S., Zhang, W., & Zhang, J. (2018). Frost resistance and impact properties of roller compacted concrete mixed with rubber particles and steel fibers. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 35(08), 2199–2207. https://doi.org/10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20170920.002 Gregori, A., Castoro, C., Marano, G. C., & Greco, R. (2019). Strength reduction factor of concrete with recycled rubber aggregates from tires. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0002783 Grinys, A., Augonis, A., Daukšys, M., & Pupeikis, D. (2020). Mechanical properties and durability of rubberized and SBR latex modified rubberized concrete. Construction and Building Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118584 Guo, S., Dai, Q., Si, R., Xiao, S., & Chao, L. (2017). Evaluation of properties and performance of rubber-modified concrete for recycling of waste scrap tire. Journal of Cleaner Production, 148, 681–689. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.02.046 Han, X. (2020). Wasted tires tum into ‘Black gold.’ China Tire Resources Recycling, 08, 21–23. https://doi.org/10.19307/j.cnki.ctrr.2020.08.006 Han, X. (2022). Experimental study on the predictive model of hydraulic rubberized concrete mechanical properties and freeze-thaw damage. North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power. https://doi.org/10.27144/d.cnki.ghbsc.2022.000003 He, L., Cai, H. D., Huang, Y., Ma, Y., Bergh, W., Gaspar, L., Valentin, J., Vasiliev, Y. E., Kowalski, K. J., & Zhang, J. H. (2021). Research on the properties of rubber concrete containing surface-modified rubber powders. Journal of Building Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101991 He, L., Huang, Y., Feng, C., & Ma, Y. (2018). Research progress on properties of rubberized concrete and the surface modification of crumb rubber. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 37(8), 2483–2489. https://doi.org/10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2018.08.022 Hu, J., & Wu, J. (2019). Mechanical properties and uni-axial compression stress-strain relation of recycled coarse aggregate concrete subjected to salt-frost cycles. Construction and Building Materials, 197, 652–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.11.213 Huda, S. B., & Alam, M. S. (2015). Mechanical and freeze-thaw durability properties of recycled aggregate concrete made with recycled coarse aggregate. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001237 Jafari, K., & Toufigh, V. (2017). Experimental and analytical evaluation of rubberized polymer concrete. Construction and Building Materials, 155, 495–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.097 Li, L., Tu, G., Lan, C., & Liu, F. (2016). Mechanical characterization of waste-rubber-modified recycled-aggregate concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 124, 325–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.003 Li, Y., Zhang, X., Wang, R., & Lei, Y. (2019). Performance enhancement of rubberized concrete via surface modification of rubber: a review. Construction and Building Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.116691 Liu, M., & Wang, Y. (2012). Damage constitutive model of fly ash concrete under freeze-thaw cycles. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 24(09), 1165–1174. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000491 Long, G., Yang, Z., Bai, C., Ma, K., & Xie, Y. (2019). Durability and damage constitutive model of filling layer self-compacting concrete subjected to coupling action of freeze-thaw cycles and load. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 47(07), 855–864. https://doi.org/10.14062/j.issn.0454-5648.2019.07.05 Medine, M., Trouzine, H., De Aguiar, J. B., & Asroun, A. (2018). Durability properties of five years aged lightweight concretes containing rubber aggregates. Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 62(02), 386–397. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.11363 Pacheco-Torres, R., Cerro-Prada, E., Escolano, F., & Varela, F. (2018). Fatigue performance of waste rubber concrete for rigid road pavements. Construction and Building Materials, 176, 539–548. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.030 Pelisser, F., Zavarise, N., Longo, T. A., & Bernardin, A. M. (2011). Concrete made with recycled tire rubber: Effect of alkaline activation and silica fume addition. Journal of Cleaner Production, 19(6–7), 757–763. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2010.11.014 Pham, N. P., Toumi, A., & Turatsinze, A. (2018). Rubber aggregate-cement matrix bond enhancement: Microstructural analysis, effect on transfer properties and on mechanical behaviours of the composite. Cement and Concrete Composites, 94, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.08.005 Pham, N. P., Toumi, A., & Turatsinze, A. (2019). Effect of an enhanced rubber-cement matrix interface on freeze-thaw resistance of the cement-based composite. Construction and Building Materials, 207, 528–534. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.02.147 Pilehvar, S., Szczotok, A. M., Rodríguez, J. F., Valentini, L., Lanzon, M., Pamies, R., & Kjoniksen, A. L. (2019). Effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the mechanical behavior of geopolymer concrete and Portland cement concrete containing micro-encapsulated phase change materials. Construction and Building Materials, 200, 94–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.12.057 Powers, T. C. (1945). A working hypothesis for further studies of frost resistance of concrete. Journal of the American Concrete Institute, 16(4), 245–272. Rahman, M., Al-Ghalib, A., & Mohammad, F. (2013). Anti-vibration characteristics of rubberised reinforced concrete beams. Materials and Structures, 47(11), 1807–1815. https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-013-0151-0 Richardson, A. E., Coventry, K. A., Edmondson, V., & Dias, E. (2016). Crumb rubber used in concrete to provide freeze-thaw protection (optimal particle size). Journal of Cleaner Production, 112, 599–606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.08.028 Richardson, A. E., Coventry, K. A., & Ward, G. (2012). Freeze/thaw protection of concrete with optimum rubber crumb content. Journal of Cleaner Production, 23(1), 96–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.10.013 Si, R., Guo, S., & Dai, Q. (2017). Durability performance of rubberized mortar and concrete with NaOH-Solution treated rubber particles. Construction and Building Materials, 153, 496–505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.07.085 Siddika, A., Al Mamun, M. A., Alyousef, R., Amran, Y. H. M., Aslani, F., & Alabduljabbar, H. (2019). Properties and utilizations of waste tire rubber in concrete: a review. Construction and Building Materials, 224, 711–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.07.108 Torretta, V., Rada, E. C., Ragazzi, M., Trulli, E., Istrate, I. A., & Cioca, L. I. (2015). Treatment and disposal of tyres: Two EU approaches: a review. Waste Management, 45, 152–160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.04.018 Wang, B., Wang, F., & Wang, Q. (2018a). Damage constitutive models of concrete under the coupling action of freeze-thaw cycles and load based on Lemaitre assumption. Construction and Building Materials, 173, 332–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.04.054 Wang, C., Liu, L., Cao, F., & Lu, L. (2020). Experimental study on mechanical properties of recycled concrete after freeze-thaw cycles. Journal of Building Structures, 41(12), 193–202. https://doi.org/10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2018.0542 Wang, D., Yuan, Q., Shi, C., Cao, H., Feng, L., & Ma, Y. (2018b). Application of modified rubber concrete in canal lining of Zhaokou irrigation region. Yellow River, 40(3), 123–125. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2018.03.028 Wang, J., Dai, Q., Si, R., & Guo, S. (2019). Mechanical, durability, and microstructural properties of macro synthetic Polypropylene (PP) fiber-reinforced rubber concrete. Journal of Cleaner Production, 234, 1351–2136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.06.272 Wang, Z., & Su, H. (2016). Correlation between recycled rubber concrete strength and damage evolution in freeze thaw cycles. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 35(12), 4286–4291. https://doi.org/10.16552/j.cnki.issn1001-1625.2016.12.066 Xie, J. H., Zheng, Y. W., Guo, Y. C., Ou, R. X., Xie, Z. H., & Huang, L. (2019). Effects of crumb rubber aggregate on the static and fatigue performance of reinforced concrete slabs. Composite Structures. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.111371 Xu, B., Bompa, D. V., & Elghazouli, A. Y. (2020). Cyclic stress-strain rate-dependent response of rubberised concrete. Construction and Building Materials. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119253 Xu, J., Feng, X., & Chen, S. (2012). Effects of rubber aggregate on the frost resistance of concrete. Journal of Northeastern University, 33(06), 895–898. Yang, Q., Zhang, S., Yang, Q., & Ji, W. (2008). Effects of air-entraining agent on air void parameters of concrete. Journal of Tongji University, 03, 374–378. Yu, Y., & Zhu, H. (2016). Influence of rubber size on properties of crumb rubber mortars. Materials. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma9070527 Yuan, Q., Li, Y., Feng, X., et al. (2017). Study and application for the rubber concrete of high performance with high abrasion resistance, Zhengzhou, China. https://kns.cnki.net/KCMS/detail/detail.aspx?dbname=SNAD&filename=SNAD000001681860 Yuan, J., Wu, Y., & Zhang, J. (2018). Characterization of air voids and frost resistance of concrete based on industrial computerized tomographical technology. Construction and Building Materials, 168, 975–983. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.01.117 Zhang, Y., Zhao, Z., Chen, S., & Sun, W. (2006). Impact of rubber powder on frost resistance of concrete in water and NaCl solution. Journal of Southeast University, S2, 248–252. Zhao, Y., Fan, X., Wand, L., & Shi, J. (2017). Attenuation model of mechanical properties of concrete under different freezing and thawing. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 34(02), 463–470. https://doi.org/10.13801/j.cnki.fhclxb.20160425.001 Zhu, J., Li, S., Liu, X., & Liu, M. (2009). Mechanical property deterioration model for concrete in environment with freezing-thawing. Journal of Architecture and Civil Engineering, 26(01), 62–67.