Epigenetic changes in the expression of the maize A1 gene inPetunia hybrida: Role of numbers of integrated gene copies and state of methylation

Felicitas Linn1, Iris Heidmann2, Heinz Saedler3, Peter Meyer2
1Max-Planck-Institut fur Züchtungsforschung, Köln, Federal Republic of Germany.
2Max-Delbrück-Laboratorium in der MPG, Köln 30, Germany
3Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung, Köln 30, Germany

Tóm tắt

Từ khóa


Tài liệu tham khảo

Al-Shawi R, Kinnaird J, Burke J, Bishop JO (1990) Expression of a Foreign Gene in a Line of Transgenic Mice Is Modulated by a Chromosomal Position Effect. Mot Cell Biol 10:1192–1198

Anderson S, Lewis-Smith AC, Smith SM (1990) Methylation of ribosomal RNA genes in Petunia hybrida plants, callus cultures and regenerated shoots. Plant Cell Rep 8:554–557

Benfey PN, Chua N-H (1989) Regulated Genes in Transgenic Plants. Science 244:174–181

Benfey PN, Ren L, Chua N-H (1989) The CaMV 35S enhancer contains at least two domains which can confer different developmental and tissue-specific expression pattern. EMBOJ 8:2195–2202

Cedar H (1988) DNA Methylation and gene activity. Cell 53:3–4

Chomet PS, Wessler S, Dellaporta SL (1987) Inactivation of the maize transposable element Activator (Ac) is associated with its DNA modification. EMBO J 6:295–302

Doerfler W (1983) DNA-Methylation and Gene Activity. Annu Rev Biochem 52:93–124

Dynan WS (1989) Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which methylation influences gene expression. Trends Genet 5:35–36

Fang RX, Nagy F, Sivasubramaniam S, Chua N-H (1989) Multiple cis regulatory elements for maximal expression of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter in transgenic plants. Plant Cell 1:141–150

Forkmann G, de Vlaming P, Spribille R, Schramm AWZ (1986) Genetic and biochemical studies on the conversion of dihydroflavonols to flavonols in flowers of Petunia hybrida. Z Naturforsch 41c:179–182

Grosveld F, van Assendelft GB, Greaves DR, Kollias G (1987) Position-independent, high level expression of human β-globin gene in transgenic mice. Cell 51:975–985

Iguchi-Ariga SMM, Schaffner W (1989) CpG methylation of the cAMP-responsive enhancer/promoter sequence TGACGTCA abolishes specific factor binding as well as transcriptional activation. Genes Dev 3:612–619

Jones JDG, Dunsmuir P, Bedbrook J (1985) High level expression of introduced chimaeric genes in regenerated transformed plants. EMBO J 4:2411–2418

Jongsma M, Koorneef M, Zabel P, Hille J (1987) Tomato protoplast transformation: physical linkage and recombination of exogenous DNA. Plant Mol Biol 8:383–394

Kartzke S, Saedler H, Meyer P (1990) Molecular analysis of transgenic plants derived from transformations of protoplasts at various stages of the cell cycle. Plant Sci 67:63–72

Lam E, Benfey PN, Gilmartin PM, Fang R-X, Chua N-H (1989) Site-specific mutations alter in vitro factor binding and change promoter expression pattern in transgenic plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:7890–7894

Lock LF, Takagi N, Martin GR (1987) Methylation of the Hprt gene on the inactive X occurs after chromosome inactivation. Cell 48:39–46

Matassi G, Montero LM, Salinas J, Bernardi G (1989) The isochore organization and the compositional distribution of homologous coding sequences in the nuclear genome of plants. Nucleic Acids Res 17:5273–5290

Matzke MA, Primig M, Trovsky J, Matzke AJM (1989) Reversible methylation and inactivation of marker genes in sequentially transformed tobacco plants. EMBO J 8:643–649

Meyer P, Walgenbach E, Bussmann K, Hombrecher G, Saedler H (1985) Synchronized tobacco protoplasts are efficiently transformed by DNA. Mol Gen Genet 201:513–518

Meyer P, Heidmann I, Forkmann G, Saedler H (1987) A new petunia flower colour generated by transformation of a mutant with a maize gene. Nature 330:677–678

Mikami K, Takase H, Tabata T, Iwabuchi M (1989) Multiplicity of the DNA-binding protein HBP-1 specific to the conserved hexameric sequence ACGTCA in various plant gene promoters. FEBS Lett 256:67–70

Mol JNM, Stuitje AR, van der Krol A (1989) Genetic manipulation of floral pigmentation genes. Plant Mol Biol 13:287–294

Ngernprasirtsiri J, Kobayashi H, Akazawa T (1989) Transcriptional regulation and DNA methylation of nuclear genes for photosynthesis in nongreen plant cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86:7919–7923

Odell JT, Knowlton S, Lin W, Mauvais CJ (1988) Properties of an isolated transcription stimulating sequence derived from the cauli-flower mosaic 35S promoter. Plant Mol Biol 10:263–273

Ow DW, Jacobs JD, Howell SH (1987) Functional regions of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter determined by use of the firefly luciferase gene as a reporter of promoter activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:4870–4874

Prat S, Willmitzer L, Sanchez-Serrano JJ (1989) Nuclear proteins binding to a cauliflower mosaic virus 35S truncated promoter. Mol Gen Genet 217:209–214

Razin A, Riggs AD (1980) DNA Methylation and gene function. Science 210:604–610

Reddy AR, Britsch L, Salamini F, Saedler H, Rhode W (1987) The A1 (Anthocyanin-1) Locus in Zea mays encodes dihydroquercetin reductase. Plant Sci 52:7–12

Schwarz-Sommer Z, Shepherd N, Tacke E, Gierl A, Rhode W, Leclercq L, Mattes M, Berndtgen RT, Peterson PA, Saedler H (1987) Influence of transposable elements on the structure and function of the A1 gene of Zea mays. EMBO J 2:287–294

Shirsat AH, Wilford N, Croy RRD (1989) Gene copy number and levels of expression in transgenic plants of a seed specific gene. Plant Sci 61:75–80

Southern EM (1975) Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol 98:503–517

Stief A, Winter DM, Strätling WH, Sippel AE (1989) A nuclear DNA attachment element mediates elevated and position-independent gene activity. Nature 341:343–344

Stockhaus J, Eckes P, Blau A, Schell J, Willmitzer L (1987) Organ-specific and dosage-dependent expression of leaf/stem specific gene from potato after tagging and transfer into potato and tobacco plants. Nucleic Acids Res 15:3479–3491

Stotz G, de Vlaming P, Wieing H, Schramm AW, Forkmann G (1985) Genetic and biochemical studies on flavoid 3′-hydroxylation in flowers of Petunia hybrida. Theor Appl Genet 70:300–305

Yisraeli J, Frank D, Razin A, Cedar H (1988) Effect of in vitro DNA methylation on β-globin gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 85:4638–4642